
Book 

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COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



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EMCYCL®PEPJIA 



WOU PJULY Iff l 



l L. IP ©IP 



Tribune Publishing Go. 

Tampa,, Florida 

1914 






OPYRIGHT 191 4> 
^Y E. L. POPE. 



JUL 13 1914 
s)GlA3'?6665 



31 M ID) 



Ale, Without Malt or Hops 29 

Alloy of Copper, Resembling Gold 70 

Ants, Drive Away 21 

Apple Butter Without Apples 38 

Apples, How to Keep Sound and Fresh All Winter 39 

Arnica Liniment 78 

Artificial Gold 48 

Asthma, Simple Remedy for 30 

Axle Grease, Excelsior 34 

• Baby, Give Water to Drink 95 

Baking Powder, I.X.L 39 

Bald Heads 15 

Bald Heads and Bare Faces, Stimulators for 65 

Balm of Beauty , 17 

Balm of Gilead 67 

Bandoline for Adjusting the Hair 66 

Beard, Liquid for Forcing 17 

Beavers, How to Catch 38 

Beer, for Bottling 40 

Beer, Ginger 40 

Beer, Hop 42 

Beer, Hop . 41 

Beer, Lemon 41 

Beer, Molasses 42 

Beer, Ottawa and Ginger Ale 42 

Beer, Root 42 

Beer, Spruce and Ginger 41 

Bed Bugs, How to Get Rid of >) 

Bitters, Sloughton 56 

Bitters, Stomach 61 

Black Lead Polish, Liquid 54 

Blacking, Liquid 34 

Black Silk, How to Clean 21 

Black Silk Reviver 15 

Black Silk, to Renovate 21 

Bleeding from Nose 13 

Blood Maker and Purifier 89 

Boils 13 

Boot and Shoe Polish 7 

Brandy, Blackberry 59 

Brandy, Cherry $9 

Brandy, Cherry (JO 

Brandy, Cognac *>!> 

Brandy, Common 62 

Brandy, French 63 



INDEX TO CONTENTS 

Brandy, Pale 61 

Bread, Aerated 25 

Breath, Mouth Pastiles for Perfume 84 

Bunions 15 

Burning Fluid, Non-Explosive 65 

Burning Fluid, Northern Light 26 

Burns or Frozen Flesh Poultices 75 

Butter, Rancid, to Restore 26 

Butter, to Cure J I 

Butter, to Keep During Hot Weather 25 

Butterfly, to take Impression 76 

Camphorated Oil 78 

Canaries, Care of the Sick 20 

Cancer 16 

Candles from Lard 23 

Caramel 44 

Caramel, Lemon 44 

Cast From Person's Face, How to Make 48 

Catsup, How to Make 26 

Cattle and Fowls, to Prevent Getting Old 69 

Cement, Cold, for Mending Earthenware 88 

Cement, Egyptian, for Mending China 67 

Cement for Aquaria 51 

Cement for Broken Marble 45 

Cement for Petroleum Lamps 50 

Cement, Glycerine 30 

Cement, Japanese 81 

Cement, White 88 

Champagne, American 43 

Champagne, British 43 

Champagne, Summer 13 

Chapped Hands and Lips 10 

Chapped Hands, Camphor Tablet for 78 

Chilblain Ointment 89 

Chilblains, Sprains, Etc 12 

Chinese Chrono-Type, How to Make 54 

Cholera Remedy 77 

Cider, Champagne S 

Cider, Champagne 63 

Cider, Cheap 41 

Cider, to Keep Sweet and to Sweeten Sour 36 

Cider, Without Apples 40 

Cigar Makers, Flavor for 23 

Closet Doors That Will Swing To 94 

COlds, Candied Lemon and Peppermint for 76 

Cdlonge Water, Superior 83 

Color for Ceiling, Blue 47 

Cockroaches, Extirpation of 21 



INDEX TO CONTENTS 3 

Cockroaches, How to Get Rid of 8 

Cockroaches, to Destroy 84 

Complexion, Pearl Powder for 83 

Complexion, Pearl Water for 82 

Complexion Pomatum 82 

Conversation, Children and Home 93 

Copying Paper, Magic 81 

Cordial, Peppermint 61 

Cordial, Peppermint . . . . 64 

Corn Plaster, Cooley's 90 

Corn Remedy 77 

Corns, Cure for 6 

Costiveness, How to Treat 11 

Cough Compound 79 

Cough Syrup 77 

Coughs, Pulmonic Wafers for 10 

Court Plaster 89 

Cressigas Lotion 66 

Crockery, How to Mend 20 

Cucumber Vines, How to Make Bear Five Crops 9 

Deafness, Cure for 9 

Deafness, Treatment of 12 

Diamond, Paste Resembling 69 

Disinfecting the Breath, Chlorine Pastiles 77 

Distemper and Glanders, How to Distinguish Between 68 

Drinking Habit, Capt. Hall's Remedy 34 

Drogheda Usquebaugh 63 

Drunkenness, Another Cure For 85 

Drunkenness, a Sure Cure for 67 

Drunkenness, How to Cure 22 

Drunkenness, Tonic 77 

Dry Coughs 15 

Dye for Silk Lilac 3 

Dyspepsia 2 

Economy 90 

Eggs, How to Preserve 7 

Eggs, Poached and Spinach 94 

Eggs, to Increase the Laying of 78 

Emerald, Imitation of 70 

Enlarged Veins of the Leg 11 

Eruptions, Pimples, Etc., Sure Cure for 79 

Essences 65 

Eyes, Wash for ' 95 

Eyesight, to Restore 10 

Farmer's Department 85 

Fastening Rubber to Wood or Metal T3 



4 INDEX TO CONTENTS 

Felons, Cure 10 

Pence Posts, Everlasting 73 

Fever and Ague 19 

Fever and Ague, Curt' for 8 

Fire Kindlers 36 

Fireproof Safes. Hardening and Filling for 52 

Fish Culture ' 33 

I- Laxseed Tea 18 

Flies, How to Destroy 6 

Florida Water 57 

Flour, Musty, to Correct 24 

Flour, Self-Rising 24 

Flour, Test for .^ 24 

Fly Paper 35 

Forcemeat Balls 94 

Fowls, to Fatten in a Short Time 72 

Foxes, How to Catch 37 

Freckles and Tan, to Remove 82 

Freezing Preparation 65 

Friction Matches 57 

Fumes 70 

Furniture, Bruises on 84 

Furniture Polish 65 

Furniture, to Clean 84 

German Silver, How to Make 71 

Gin, Holland 59 

Gin, Holland No. 2 59 

Gin, Without Distillation 28 

Gilding Without a Battery 69 

Glue, Cheap and Waterproof 58 

Glue, Fire and Water Proof 52 

Glue, for Labeling on Metals 52 

Glue, Liquid 65 

Glue, Liquid 81 

Glue. Prepared Liquid 52 

Glue, to Resist Moisture 54 

Godfrey's Cordial 74 

Gold Plating Solution, to Make and Apply 57 

Gold Soultion, for Electro-Plating 71 

Gold Solution for Electro-Plating 50 

Gout, Treatment of 13 

Grapes, to Preserve 75 

Gray Hair, To Preevnt ^ 

Grease, to Discharge from Woolens 76 

Grease, to Remove 18 

Hair Dye 1 

Hair Invigorator 66 



INDEX TO CONTENTS 5 

Hair Restorative 66 

Hair Restorative 22 

Hair Wash 11 

Hams, Premium Method of Keeping 25 

Hands to Soften 22 

Harness Blacking 36 

Headache, Nervous 10 

Healing Paper, Dr. Rheim's 90 

Hens, to Make Lay the Whole year 9 

Home After Busines's Hours . . . 93 

Honey, Artificial 55 

Horse, How to Appear as if Foundered 68 

Horse, How to Make Appear With Glanders 68 

Horse, to Make Fleshy in a Short Time 68 

Horse, to Make Stand by His Feed and Not Eat 68 

Hunter's Secrets . . . 37 

Ice Cream 56 

Imitation Pure Silver 4 

Infants' Syrup 77 

Ink, American Commercial 55 

Ink, Black Writing 5 

Ink, Green Writing 5 

Ink, Gold and Silver 5 

Ink, Indellible 80 

Ink, Indellible, for Marking 80 

Ink, Indellible, for Marking Clothing 80 

Ink Powder for Immediate Use . . . . , 80 

Ink, Red Writing 5 

Ink, Secret 5 

Ink Spots, to Take Out 79 

Ink Stains, How to Take Out of Mahogany 3 

Ink, Yellow Writing 5 

Insects, to Destroy 72 

Iron Mould, to Take Out of Linen 74 

Jockey Club 18 

Jockey Tips 67 

Kid Gloves, How to Clean 6 

Lavender Perfumed Water 57 

Legal Brevities 9 2 

Life Belts 13 

Lily White 80 

Liquor, Coloring 59 

Liquors, to Clear and Fine 58 

1 move's Telegram 7 J 

Lustre to Silver 85 



6 [NDBX TO CONTENTS 

"Mad Stones" 33 

Manifold Paper 5 

Manna, Table (,' 1 

Ma rble, How to Clean 8 

Marble, to (Mean 15 

Marking' Ink, To Take Out of Linen 1 

Maple Sugar 40 

Mead, Premium 29 

Metronome, to Construct 94 

Milk and Butter, to Increase Product : 69 

M ilk, to Increase Flow in Cows 17 

Milk, to Test Its Richness 74 

M ink, How to Catch 37 

Moths 15 

Moths, Remedy Against 83 

M uskrats, How to Catch 37 

Mustache, How to Raise 9 

Neuralgia 18 

Neuralgia, Cure for 46" 

Nickel Plating 49 

Nipples, Cracker, Treatment of 76 

Odor of Paint, How to Get Rid of 3 

Offensive Breath, How to Remove 3 

Oil, Buffalo 58 

Oil, Macassar 58 

Oil Zigura 66 

Ointment 56 

Ointment, Magnetic 89 

Old Horses, How to Make Appear Young 68 

Old Letters on Paper, to Renew 69 

Old Orchards, How to Make New 38 

Pain Extractor 79 

Pains in the Feet From Walking, a Cure for 7 

Paint Cleaner :U 

Paint, Farmers' . . .* 47 

Paint, Green for Walls W 

Paint, One Cent Per Pound 9 

Paint, Outside 46 

Paint, W T ash Equal to 6 

Paint Without Oil or Lead 46 

Paris Green W 

Pa rlor Magic 92 

Pears Cooked in Cider 94 

Perfume, Egyptian \2 

Perfumes, Frozen, Young Turkish $7 

Pewter, Common, How to Make 71 

Pills, Best in the World 2 



INDEX TO CONTEXTS 7 

Pimpernel Kalydor for the Skin and Complexion 66 

Plants on an Acre at Special Distances, Number of — Table 81 

Plaster, Carbolic 91 

Plaster, Irritating 91 

Poisons 13 

Polish to Make Iron Bright Like Steel 52 

Pomatum, Ammonical, for Growth of the Hair 83 

Pomatums 1 

Potatoes, How to Get New Varieties 85 

Printers' Rollers 53 

Prints, How to Transfer 54 

Profane Swearing 93 

Punch 60 

Punch, Milk ' 60 

Putty, French 52 

Red Mites, to Remove from Canary -22 

Rheumatism, a Remedy for 21 

Ringworm, Treatment 4 

Rouge, Liquid, for the Complexion 81 

Rouge, Turkish 84 

Rouge, Vinegar ; 82 

Rubber Hand Stamps 56 

Ruby, Imitation of 70 

Rum, Jamaica 59 

Rum, Shrub 60 

Rum, Shrub, No. 2 60 

Rye, Old 64 

Salve, Family 91 

Salve for All Wounds 91 

Salve, Green 89 

Sangaree, How to Make 6] 

Sapphire, Imitation of 70 

Scarlet Fever 14 

Scorched Linen, Composition for Restoring 88 

Screw in Plaster 20 

Sea Water, to Make Fit for Washing Linen 76 

Secret Letters, How to Write 67 

Seeds Required, Quantity of, for Given Number of Plants, Num- 
ber of Hills or Length of Drill— Table 86 

Seeds Usually Sown to the Acre, Quantity of — Table . . .„ 87 

Selfish, Do Not Act 93 

Shampoo for Oily Hair 91 

Sherry, London 69 

Sherry, London 11 

Silverware, How to Wash 51 

Silver, I ,ustre to S5 

Silver Plating Fluid Id 



8 INDEX TO CONTEXTS 

Silver Plating Fluid 49 

Silver Polish Kalsomine 46 

Silver Solution for Electroplating 4-9 

Silver Solution, How to Make 71 

Silvering of Mirrors, to Repair 4-5 

Sleeplessness, How to Cure 71 

Snow Water, to Prevent Penetrating Shoes 7.5 

Soap, Honey 4 

Soap, How to Make a Barrel 6 

Soap Manufacture 23 

Soap, Transparent 24 

Soap, Windsor 4 

Soap, Almond 57 

Soap, Fancy . . . .' $6 

Soap, Friction 67 

Soda Syrups 42 

Soothing Syrup 17 

Sore Throat 2 

Spanish Vermillion for the Toilet $2 

Spavined Horse, How to Make Limber 67 

Stains From Black Crepe 7 

Stains on Furniture, to Remove 22 

Starch, Alum in 83 

Starch Polish 26 

Stove, to Give Fine Brilliant Appearance 84 

Summer Suits, How to Wash 72 

Taste of Medicine, to Destroy 16 

Teeth, How to Make Brown Teeth White 69 

Teeth, How to Make White 8 

Tinctures 65 

Tinware, to Mend by Heat of Candle 74 

Tobacco, How to Flavor 23 

Toilet Powder 66 

Topaz, Imitation of 7<) 

Tooth Paste, Feuchtwanger's 82 

Tooth Powder . . / 83 

Tooth Powder, Premium 66 

Toothache, Cure for 4.3 

Toothache. How to Cure 2 

Tortoise Shell, to Solder 48 

Trappers' and Anglers' Secrets for Game and Fish 4.3 

Tree of Lead 75 

True-Pulling Horses, How to Make Balk 68 

Valuable Secret 70 

Vegetables and Fruits, How to Increase Size 83 

Velvet, to Restore 22 

Velvet, to Restore When Plushed 72 



INDEX TO CONTENTS 9 

Velvet, to Take Wax Out 74 

Vermifuge, Swain's T9 

Vinegar, Cheap and Good 16 

Vinegar, for Grocers' Sale 18 

Vinegar in Three Days 19 

Vinegar, Mint . . , 11 

Vinegar No. 1, Centennial Gold Medal 18 

Vinegar Plant, How to Grow 31 

Vinegar, White Wine 19 

Visiting the Sick 16 

Warts, How to Cure 3 

Wash for Barns and Houses 46 

Washing Made Easy 11 

Washing Powder, Royal 34 

Water-proofing Cloth 31 

Waterproof Composition for Boots and Shoes 67 

Whiskey, Monongahela 63 

Whiskey, Old Bourbon 63 

Whiskey, Scotch and Irish 62 

White Metal 4 

White Wash That Will Not Rub Off 47 

White Wash, to Harden 47 

Wine, Blackberry 43 

Wine, Blackberry and Strawberry 61 

Wine, Bordeaux, Imitated 30 

Wine, Currant. and Other Fruit . 61 

Wine, Ginger 44 

Wine, Ginger , . . 40 

Wine, Ginger, for Bar Purposes 60 

Wine, Ginger, for Family Use . 60 

Wine, Morella 62 

Wine, Port 62 

Wine, Raisin, Equal to Sherry 43 

Wine, Superior Raisin 63 

Wines, Various 62 

Writing in Silver 53 



POPE'S 

ENCYCLOPEDIA 

FOR DAILY USE 



Pomatums For making pomatums, the lard, fat, suet or 

marrow used must be carefully prepared by being melted with as 
gentle a heat as possible, skimmed and cleared from the dregs which 
are deposited on standing. Take mutton suet, prepared as above, 
cne pound ; lard, three pounds ; carefully melted together, and stirred 
constantly as it cools; two ounces oil bergame being added just 
after lifting the pomade from the fire. Hard Pomade — Mutton 
suet and lard each one pound; white wax, four ounces; oil of 
bergamont, one ounce. Put up in short, large-mouthed bottles, 
and sells at 1 5 or 20 cents. 

To Take Marking Ink Out of Linen — Saturated solu- 
tion of cynauret of potassium, applied with a camel's-hair brush. 
After the marking ink disappears, the linen should be well washed 
in cold water. 

Hair Dye This preparation has held the market in Europe 

for several years, and gives entire satisfaction. Solution No. 1 : 
Hydrosulphuret of ammonia, one ounce; solution of potash, three 
drachms; distilled or rain water, one ounce (all by measure). Mix 
and put into small bottles, labeling it No. 1. Solution No. 2: 
Nitrate of silver, one drachm; rain water, two ounces. Dissolved 
No. 2. Directions: The Solution No. 1 is first applied to the 
hair with a tooth brush, and the application continued for fifteen or 
twenty minutes. Then let the hair dry a short time. The Solu- 
tion No. 2 is then brushed over, a comb being used to separate the 
hairs and allow the liquid to come in contact with every part. 
Care must be taken that the liquid does not come in contact with 
the skin, as the Solution No. 2 produces a very permanent dark 



2 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

stain on all substances with which it comes in contact. If the 
shade is not sufficiently deep, the operation may be repeated. The 
hair should be cleansed from grease before using the dye. This 
can be easily done by washing the head in clear water, adding there- 
to about two tablespoons full of ordinary washing soda. Dry the 
hair well with a towel. This Dye (No. 1 and No. 2 put up in 
a box together) , is sold at fifty cents. A fine business can be built 
up by manufacturing and selling this Dye. 

Sore Throat Pour a pint of boiling water upon twenty or 

thirty leaves of common sage; let the infusion stand for half an hour. 
Add vinegar sufficient to make it moderately acid, and honey ac- 
cording to the taste. It must be used several times a day. An- 
other excellent remedy is a strong solution of salt and water. 
Gargle ever}' hour. A wet towel worn on the throat at night will 
assist in effecting a cure. For a putrid sore throat use a gargle of 
brewers' yeast six times a day, also bind thin slices of salt pork 
on the throat. 

Dyspepsia One of the first things to be attended to is to 

regulate the bowels, which in this disease are always in a cooperative 
state. The best means of keeping them loose is the eating of a 
handful of clean wheat bran once or twice a day. This is the 
most simple and efficacious method of cleansing the stomach. It 
may be eaten from the hand with a few swallows of water to wash 
it down ; also use, to regulate the stomach and bowels, the daily 
use of common salt, in teaspoonful doses, dissolved in half a tumbler 
full of water, taken in the morning fasting. Avoid rich diet, and 
use brown bread instead of that made of superfine flour. 

The Best Pill in the World Two pounds of aloes, one 

pound of gamboge, four ounces of the extract of colocynth, half a 
pound of castile soap, two fluid ounces of oil of peppermint, and 
one fluid drachm of cinnamon. Mix and form into pills. These 
pills are the most celebrated of any in the world, and the fortunate 
manufacturer has accumulated over a million dollars from their sale. 

Toothache Take equal parts of camphor, sulphur, ether, 

ammonia, laudanum, tincture of cayenne, and one-eighth part oil of 
cloves. Mix well together. Saturate with the liquid a small piece 
of cotton and apply to the cavity of the diseased tooth and the pain 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 3 

will cease immediately. Put up in long drachm bottles. Retail at 
25 cents. This is a very saleable preparation, and affords a large 
profit to the manufacturer. 

Cure Or Warts — The easiest way to get rid of warts is to 
pare off the thickened skin which covers the prominent wart. Get 
it off by accessive layers, and shave it till you come to the surface 
of the skin, and till you draw blood in two or three places. Then 
rub the part thoroughly over with lunar caustic, and one effective 
operation of this kind will generally destroy the wart; if not, you 
cut off the black spot which has been occasioned by the caustic, and 
apply it again; or you may apply acetic acid, and thus you will get 
rid of it. Care must be taken in applying these acids not to rub 
them on the skin around the wart. 

Dye Silk Lilac For every pound of silk take one and a 

half pounds of archil, mix it well with the liquor, make it boil a 
quarter of an hour, dip the silk quickly, then let it cool, and wash it 
in river water, and a fine half violet or lilac, more or less full, will be 
obtained. 

To Take Ink Stains Out of Mahogany — Put a few 

drops of spirits of nitre in a teaspoonful of water, touch the spot 
with a feather dipped in the mixture, and on the ink disappearing 
rub it over immediately with a rag wet in cold water or there will 
will be a white mark which will not be easily effaced. 

To Clean marble Take two parts common soda, one part 

pumice-stone, and one part of finely powdered chalk; sift it through 
a fine sieve and mix it with water; then rub it over the marble and 
the stains will be removed; then wash the marble over with soap 
and water and it will be as clear as it was at first. 

To Get Rid of Odor of Paint — To get rid of the smell 
of oil paint plunge a handful of hay into a pail of water and let 
let it stand in the newly painted room. 

To Remove Offensive Breath — For this purpose almost 

the only substance that should be admitted at the toilettes is the 
concentrated solution of chloride of soda. From six to ten drops of 
it in a wineglass of spring water, taken immediately after the oper- 



4 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

ations of the morning are completed. In some cases the odor aris- 
ing from carious teeth is combined with that of the stomach. If 
the mouth be well sinsed with a teaspoonful of the solution of the 
chloride in a tumbler of water the bad odor of the teeth will be re- 
moved. 

White Metal This is a splendid article for spoons, castors, 

ornaments, and in short, articles of every description. It closely 
resembles silver and may be used with great profit by the manu- 
facturer of an infinite variety of commercial articles of almost every 
description. The alloy is ten ounces of lead, six ounces of bismuth, 
four drachms of antimony, eight ounces of brass and ten ounces 
of lock tin, all melted together. This can be run into molds or 
hammered into any shape, as it is perfectly malleable. 

Ringworm — The head is to be washed twice a day with 
soft soap and soft warm water; when dried the places to be rubbed 
with a piece of linen rag dipped in ammonia from gas tar; the 
patient should take a little sulphur and molasses, or some other 
genuine aperient, every morning; brushes and combs should be 
washed every day and the ammonia kept tightly corked. 

Imitation Pure Silver So perfect is this resemblance 

that no chemist living can detect it from pure virgin silver. It is 
all melted together in a crucible. Quarter of an ounce of copper, 
two ounces of brass, three ounces of pure silver, one ounce of bis- 
muth, two ounces of saltpeter, two ounces of common salt, one 
ounce of arsenic, one ounce of potash. Add a little borax to make 
it run easy. 

Windsor Soap This is made with lard. In France they 

use lard with a portion of olive or bleached palm oil. It is made 
with one part of olive to nine of tallow. But a great part of what 
is sold is only curd (tallow) soap, and scented with oil of caraway 
and bergamot. The brown color is produced by burnt sugar or 
umber. 

Honey Soap White cured soap \y 2 pounds, brown 

Windsor Soap, half pound. Cut them into thin shavings and 
liquify as directed above for scented soap; then add four ounces of 
honey and keep it melted till most of the water is evaporated; then 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 5 

remove from the fire and when cool enough add any essential oil. 
According to Piesse the honey usually sold, consists of fine yellow 
soap, perfumed with oil of citronella. 

Martins' Splendid Black Ink — Boil logwood, twenty- 
two pounds, in enough water to yield fourteen gallons decoction. 
To a thousand parts of this decoction, when cold, add one part 
chromate of potash. The mixture is to be well stirred. The 
proportions are to be carefully observed, and the yellow chromate, 
not the birchromate, employed. This ink possesses some great 
advantages; to adhere strongly to paper, so that it can be neither 
washed off by water, nor even altered by weak acids; to form no 
deposit, and not be in the least acted upon by steel pens. 

Red Writing Ink Best ground Brazil wood, four ounces; 

diluted acetic acid, one pint; alum, half an ounce. Boil them 
slowly in a covered tinned copper or enameled saucepan for one 
hour; strain, and add ounce of gum. 

Yellow Ink Gamboge triturated with water, and a little alum 
added. 

Green Ink Rub three and a half drachms Prussian Blue, 

and three drachms of gamboge, with two ounces of mucilage, and 
add half a pint of water. 

Gold and Silver Ink Fine bronze powder or gold or sil- 
ver leaf, ground with a little sulphate of potash and washed from 
the salt, is mixed with water and a sufficient quantity of gum. 

Sympathetic or Secret Ink — The solutions used should 

be so nearly colorless that the writing cannot be seen till the agent 
is applied to render it visible. Boil oxide of cobalt in acetic acid. 
If a little common salt be added the writing becomes green when 
heated, but with nitre, it becomes a pale rose color. A weak solu- 
tion of sulphate of copper. The writing becomes blue when ex- 
posed to the vapor of ammonia. 

Manifold Paper A process by which several letters can be 

written at one time. It is commonly known as copying paper. 
Mix lard with black lead or lampblack into a stiff paste, rub it over 
tissue paper with flannel and wipe off the superfluous quantity with 



6 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

a soft rag. These sheets alternated with black carbon paper and 
written upon with a hard pencil will produce several copies of a let- 
ter at once. 

To Make a Barrel of Good Soap — Dissolve 1 5 pounds 

of bar soap in 1 5 gallons boiling water and let it get cold. Cut 
up the soap in slices. When cold it will be thick like jelly. Dis- 
solve 1 5 pounds of sal soda in 1 5 gallons more of boiling water, 
which will take three minutes; then add to this composition six 
pounds of unslaked lime; let these articles boil together twenty 
minutes. When cold and settled turn off this fluid and stir it up 
with the soap, being careful not to disturb the sediment; then add 
three pints of alcohol and stir all the articles together. 

Wash Equal to Paint Take a half bushel of unslaked 

lime and slake it with boiling water; cover it during the process. 
Strain it and add a peck of salt dissolved in warm water; three 
pounds of ground rice boiled to a thin paste, put in boiling hot; 
half pound of Spanish whiting, and one pound of clear glue dis- 
solved in warm water. Mix and let it stand several days. Keep 
it in a kettle and put it on as hot as possible with a brush. 

Corns Boil a potato in its skin and after it is boiled take the 

skin and put the inside of it to the corn and leave it on for about 
twelve hours; at the end of that period the corn will be nearly 
cured. 

To Clean Kid Gloves Make a strong lather with curd 

soap and warm water, in which steep a small piece of new flannel. 
Place the glove on a flat unyielding surface — such as the bottom 
of a dish, and having thoroughly soaped the flannel (when squeezed 
from the lather) , rub the glove till all dirt be removed, cleaning and 
re-soaping the flannel from time to time. Care must be taken to 
omii no part of the glove, by turning the fingers, etc. The gloves 
must be dried in the sun, or before a moderate fire, and will present 
the appearance of old parchment. When quite dry they must be 
gradually pulled out, and will look new. 

To Destroy Flies in a Room — Take half a teaspoonful 

of black pepper, one teaspoonful of brown sugar and one table- 
spoonful of cream; mix them well together and place them in a 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 7 

room on a plate, where the flies are troublesome and they will soon 
disappear. 

Preserving EggS The following mixture was patented 

several years ago by Mr. Jayne, of Sheffield, England. He alleged 
that by means of it he could keep eggs two years. A part of his 
composition is often made use of — perhaps the whole of it would 
be better. Put into a tub or vessel one bushel of quick lime, two 
pounds of salt, half a pound of cream of tartar and mix the same 
together with as much water as will reduce the composition or 
mixture to that consistency that it will cause an egg put into it to 
swim with its top just above the liquid. Then put and keep the 
eggs therein. 

French Polish for Boots and Shoes — Mix together 2 

pints of the best vinegar and one pint of water; stir into it a quarter 
of a pound of glue, broken up, half a pound of logwood chips, a 
quarter of an ounce of finely powdered indigo, a quarter of an ounce 
of the best soft soap and a quarter of an ounce of isinglass. Put the 
mixture over the fire and let it boil ten or fifteen minutes. Then 
strain the liquid and bottle and cork it. When cold it is fit for use. 
The polish should be applied with a clean sponge. 

To Remove Water Stains from Black Crape — 

When a drop of water falls on a black crape veil or collar, it 
leaves a conspicious white mark. To obliterate this spread the 
crape on a table, (laying it on a large book or paper to keep it 
steady), and place underneath the stain a piece of old black silk. 
With a larger camel's hair brush, dipped in common ink, go over 
the stain and then wipe off the ink with a soft piece of old soft silk. 
It will dry immediately and the white mark will be seen no more. 

To Cure Pains in the Feet Caused by Walking — 

If your feet become painful from walking or standing too long, 
put them into warm salt and water mixed in the proportion of two 
large handsful of salt to a gallon of water. Sea water made warm 
is still better. Keep your feet and ankles in the water until it be- 
gins to feel cool, rubbing them well with your hands. Then wipe 
them dry, and wipe them long and hard with a coarse towel. 
Where the feet are tender and easily fatigued, it is an excellent 



8 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

practice to go through this treatment regularly every night; also on 
coming home from a walk. With perseverance this has cured 
neuralgia in the feet. 

Fever and Ague First clear the bowels with the fluid 

extract of senna and jalep, two drachms; infusion of cloves, two 
ounces; mix. To be taken at a draught. In the cold stage give 
hot drinks and try to excite warmth. In the hot ague give cooling 
drinks. Then give quinine, one scruple; alcohol, four ounces; sul- 
phuric acid, five drops; mix — in two tablespoonsful doses every half 
hour, at the same time give five-drop doses of tincture or fluid extract 
of veratum, and rub the patient with dry towels. In the intermis- 
sion give three-grain doses once in four hours and continue it a 
fortnight after the cessation of the attack. The following is known 
as the Cuban Remedy for chills and fever: Just before the ap- 
proach of the fever spread two plasters about two inches wide 
composed of black pepper bruised fine (not ground), mixed into 
a paste with the white of an egg. Immediately before the fever 
comes bind them on the inside of the wrists and lie down. Do not 
remove them until the fever has passed off. If the fever is not en- 
tirely broken by the first application, apply fresh plasters of the 
same the next time the fever comes on. 

To Make Your Teeth as White as Snow— Take one 

part chloride of lime and fifteen parts of prepared chalk, adding 
half an ounce of pulverized Peruvian bark and a few drops of attar 
of roses. Use it thoroughly morning and evening. 

To Make Champagne Cider at 4 Cents a Gallon — 

Take five gallons luke-warm water, add one gallon common molas- 
ses, three pounds of brown sugar, one gallon of vinegar, one gallon 
of yeast, quarter of a pound of tataric acid. Let all stand in the 
warm water to dissolve one hour; then add cold water. Let stand 
forty-eight hours, with bung out. This makes forty-two gallons. 
In all cases the barrel should be full. To keep for a length of time 
add one pound of mustard. Bottle and seal it well. 

To Drive Cockroaches from Your Dwellings — 

Strew pulverized hellebore root on the hearth, door or places they 
frequent at night. In the morning the roaches will be found either 
dead or dying, for such is their avidity for this plant that they 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 9 

never fail to eat it when they can get it. Black pulverized hellebore 
may be had at all herb shops. Put up in small tin boxes and retails 
at twenty-five cents. 

To Cure Deafness Obtain pure pickerel oil and apply 

four drops morning and evening to the ear. Great care should be 
taken to obtain oil that is perfectly pure. 

To Clean Your Dwelling of Bed Bugs — Corrosive 

sublimate and the white of an egg, beat together and laid with a 
feather around the crevices of the bed slats and the sacking, is 
very effectual in destroying bugs therein. Tansy is also said to be 
very effectual in keeping them away. Strew it under the sacking 
bottom. The best exterminator is black pulverized hellebore root — 
it destroys them. Place it where the bugs will be likely to crawl. 

To Make Paint for One Cent a Pound — To 1 gal- 
lon of soft hot water add four pounds sulphate of zinc (crude). 
Let it dissolve perfectly and a sediment will settle at the bottom. 
Turn the clear solution into another vessel. To one gallon of paint 
(lead and oil), mix one gallon of the compound. Stir it into the 
paint slowly for ten or fifteen minutes and the compound and paint 
will perfectly combine. If too thick, thin it with turpentine. This 
recipe has been sold to painters for as high as $1 00.00 for the privi- 
lege to use the same in their business. 

To Make Hens Lay the Whole Year — Give each hen 

half an ounce of fresh meat every day and mix a small amount 
of red pepper with the food during the winter. Give them plenty 
of grain, water, gravel and lime and allow no cocks to run with 
them. 

How to Raise a Mustache Tincture of benzoin com- 
pound, two drachms; tincture of Spanish flies, two drachms; cas- 
tor oil, six ounces; oil bergamot, one drachm; oil of verbena, fifteen 
drops; strong alcohol, nine ounces. Circulation should be stimulated 
first by friction with a rough towel. Apply to the whiskers and 
mustache morning and evening. 

To Make Cucumber Vines Bear Five Crops — 

When a cucumber is taken from the vine let it be cut with a knife. 



10 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

leaving about the eighth of an inch of the cucumber on the stem; 
then slit the stem with a knife from its end to the vine, leaving a 
small portion of the cucumber on each division, and on each separ- 
ate slit there will be a new cucumber as large as the first. 

Silver Plating Fluid Take one ounce of precipitate silver 

to half an ounce of cynate of potash and a quarter of an ounce of 
hyposulphite of soda; put all in a quart of water, add a little 
whiting and shake before using. Apply with a soft rag. Put up 
in one-ounce bottles and retailed at 25 cents. The secret is worth 
$100.00 to an agent to sell to families. 

Chapped Hands and Lips One-quarter pound honey, 

and one-quarter pound sal-soda with one pint of water. Apply 
often. 

Pulmonic Wafers for Coughs— White sugar, three and 
a half pounds; tincture or syrup of ipecac, two ounces; antimonial 
wine, one ounce; morphine, five grains; dissolved in a tablespoonful 
of water ; with ten drops sulphuric acid, half an ounce tincture blood 
root, one ounce syrup of tolu. Add these to the sugar and mix 
the whole mass as the confectioners do for lozenges, and cut into 
lozenges of the ordinary size. Use from six to twelve of these in 
twenty-four hours. These wafers are equal to any made and are 
generally sold at high prices. 

NervOUS Headache Extract hyocymus, five grains; pul- 
verized camphor, five grains ; mix. Make four pills, one to be taken 
when pain is most severe in nervous headache. Or three drops 
tincture nux-vomica in a teaspoonful of water, two or three times 
a day. 

Felons One tablespoonful of red lead, and one tablespoon- 
ful of castile soap and mix them with as much weak lye as will 
make it soft enough to spread like a salve, and apply it on the 
first appearance of felon, and it will cure in ten or twelve days. 

Restore Eyesight Let there be an occasional pressure of 

the finger on the ball of the eye. Let the pressure always be from 
the nose towards the temples, and wash the eyes three times a day 
in cold water. If this simple advice is followed the day is not far 
distant when partial blindness shall disappear from the world. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 11 

Enlarged Veins of the Leg — Apply strips of leather firm- 
ly, spread with soap plaster. Generally it is better to support the 
whole limb with a strong calico bandage, which should be applied 
before getting out of bed. It is well to use friction in connection 
with iodine ointment. 

Costiveness Common charcoal is highly recommended for 

costiveness. It may be taken in either tea or tablespoonful, or even 
larger doses, according to the exigencies of the case; mix with 
molasses, repeating it as often as necessary. Bathe the bowels with 
pepper and vinegar. Or, take two ounces of rhubarb, add one 
ounce of rust of iron, infuse in one quart of wine. Half a wine- 
glass every morning. Or, take pulverized blood root, one drachm; 
pulverized rhubarb, one drachm; castile soap, two scruples. Mix 
and roll into thirty-two pills. Take one morning and night. By 
following these directions it may perhaps save you from a severe 
attack of piles or some other kindred disease. 

Washing Made Easy To save your labor and your linen 

pour one-half a pound of soda in two quarts of boiling water, in 
an earthen pan; take half a pound of soap, shred fine, put it into 
a saucepan with two quarts of cold water; stand it on a fire till it 
boils, and when perfectly dissolved and boiling, add it to the former. 
Mix it well and let it stand till cold, when it has the appearance of 
strong jelly. Let your linen be soaking in water, the seams and 
any other dirty part rubbed in the usual way and remain till the 
following morning. Get your boiler ready and add to the water 
about a pint basin full. When lukewarm put in your linen and 
allow it to boil twenty minutes. Rinse it in the usual way, and 
that is all which is necessary to get it clean and keep it in good color. 
The above recipe is invaluable to housekeepers. Give it a trial. 

Mint Vinegar Put into a wide-mouthed bottle nice, fresh, 

clean mint leaves enough to fill it loosely, then fill up the bottle with 
good vinegar, and after it has been stopped close for two weeks it is 
to be poured off clear into another bottle and kept well corked for 
use. Serve with lamb when mint cannot be obtained. 

Excellent Hair Wash Take one ounce of borax, half an 

ounce of camphor powder (these ingredients very fine), and dis- 



12 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

solve them in one quart of boiling water; when cool the solution 
will be ready for use. Dampen the hair frequently. This wash 
effectively cleanses, beautifies and strengthens the hair; preserves 
the color and prevents early baldness. The camphor will form into 
lumps after being dissolved, but the water will be sufficiently im- 
pregnated. 

Chilblains, Sprains, Etc. — One raw egg well beaten, half 
a pint of vinegar, one ounce spirits of turpentine, a quarter of an 
ounce of spirits of wine, a quarter of an ounce of camphor. These 
ingredients to be beaten well together, then put in a bottle and 
shaken for ten minutes, after which to be corked down tightly to 
exclude the air. In half an hour it is fit for use. To be well 
rubbed in, two, three or four times a day. For rheumatism in the 
head, to be rubbed at the back of the neck and behind the ears. 
In chilblains this remedy is to be used before they are broken. 

The Egyptian Perfume In manufacturing this article 

follow the same directions and use the same ingredients as are used 
in Austin's Starch Enamel, published on another page of this book, 
with the simple alteration of using the oil of jassamine instead of the 
oil of citronella. In perfuming, use one ounce of oil of jassamine to 
every pound and a half of paraffine. Stamp out in cakes one inch 
long, half an inch wide and one-eighth of an inch in thickness. Put 
each cake into a small sliding box and sell at ten cents each. It is 
very saleable and you can make money fast by putting this up. It 
is new and has not as yet been introduced in many localities, and 
if you are first in the field you are sure to do a large business at it. 
Give it a trial. 

Summer Champagne To four parts of seltzer water add 

one ounce of Moselle wine, or hock, and put a teaspoonful of 
powdered sugar into a wineglass of this mixture; an ebullition takes 
place and you have a sort of champagne which is more wholesome 
in hot weather than the genuine wine known by that name. 

Deafness Take three drops of sheeps' gall, warm, and 

drop it into the ear before going to bed. The ear must be syringed 
with warm soap and water in the morning. The gall must be ap- 
plied for three successive nights. It is only efficacious when the 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 13 

deafness is produced by cold. The most convenient way of warm- 
ing the gall is by holding it in a silver spoon over the flame of a 
light. The above remedy has been frequently tried with perfect 
success. 

Gout — This is Colonel Birch's recipt for rheumatic gout or 
acute rheumatism, commonly called * 'Chelsea Pensioner." Half 
an ounce of nitre (salt petre), half an ounce of sulphur, half an 
ounce of flour of mustard, half an ounce of Turkey rhubarb, quarter 
of an ounce of powdered guaicum. Mix, and take a teaspoonful 
every other night in a wineglassful of cold water (water which has 
been previously boiled) for three nights, and omit three nights. 

Life Belts — An excellent and cheap life belt, for persons 
proceeding to sea, bathing in dangerous places, or learning to swim, 
may be thus made : Take a yard and three-quarters of strong jean, 
double, and divide it into nine compartments. Let there be a 
space of two inches after each third compartment. Fill the com- 
partments with very fine cuttings of cork, which can be had at any 
cork-cutting establishment. Work eyelet holes at the bottom of 
each compartment to let the water drain out. Attach a neck- 
band and waist strings of stout boot web and sew them on 
strongly. 

Bleeding from Nose From any cause, may generally be 

stopped by putting a plug of lint into the nostrils. If this does not 
do, apply a cold lotion to the forehead ; raise the head and place 
both arms over the head, so that it will rest on both hands; dip the 
lint plug, slightly moistened, into some powdered gumarabic and 
alum. An easier and simpler method is to place a piece of writing 
paper on the gums of the upper jaw, under the upper lip, and let 
it remain there for a few minutes. 

Poisons As a general rule, give emetics after poisons that 

cause sleepiness and raving: chalk, milk, butter and warm water or 
oil; after poisons that cause vomitings and pain in the stomach and 
bowels, with purging; and when there is no inflammation about the 
throat, tickle it with a feather to excite vomiting. Always send 
immediately for a medical man. 

Boils These should be brought to a head by warm poul- 



14 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

tices of camomile flowers, or boiled white lily root, or onion root by 
fermentation with hot water, or by stimulating plasters. When ripe 
they should be destroyed by a needle or lancet. But this should 
not be attempted until they are fully proven. 

Scarlet Fever — It is unnecessary for a child to die of scarlet 
fever as it is, also, that it should be blind with cataract. Let us 
see. At any time before the body has finished its ineffectual 
struggle, we are able to help it, not by wonderful medicine, but 
by the knowledge of anatomy and the application of a little com- 
mon sense. We consult the sympathetic nerve, and do what it 
commands us to do. We must give this child salt when it wants 
it. We must give it acid when it has a fever and anxiously craves 
it — not vinegar, but lemon juice; because the first coagulates albu- 
men, and the latter does not on account of the amount of oxygen 
it contains. To imitate the soothing mucus in the intestines, which 
is now wanting, and to give fcome respiratory food at the same 
time, we add some gum arabic. To restore and relieve the injured 
nerve, we apply moist warmth. In practice we can fulfill all this 
with the following manipulations : Undress the child and bring it to 
bed at the very first signs of sickness. Give it, if it already has 
fever, sourish, warm lemonade, with some gum arabic in it. Then 
cover its abdomen with some dry flannel. Take a well folded bed 
sheet and put in boiling hot water; wring it out by means of dry 
towels and put this over the whole and wait. The hot cloth will 
perhaps require repeated heating. According to the severity of the 
case and its stage of progress, prespiration will commence in the 
child, in from ten minutes to two hours. The child then is saved — 
it then falls asleep. Soon after the child awakes it will show slight 
inclination for food; help its bowels, if necessary, with injections 
of soap, oil and water, and its recovery will be as steady as 
the growth of a plant in the green-house if well treated. Of 
course, if the child were already dying, nothing could save it, 
or if it has effusions in the lining of the heart or brain, it is 
much better that it should die. But if the above is applied 
in due time, under the eyes and directions of a competent 
physician, I will guarantee that not one in a hundred children 
will ever die of scarlet fever. I know that this will startle 
some of my readers, especially those who have already lost children, 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 15 

but I shall go still further — I maintain that a child will never get 
scarlet fever if properly treated. If the child has correctly mixed 
blood it will never catch the scarlet fever if put to bed with a sick 
child. This is still more startling, but nothing easier to get rid of. 

Motns A very pleasant perfume, also a preventive against 

moths, may be made of the following ingredients: Take of cloves, 
carraway seeds, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon and Tonquin beans, of 
each one ounce; then add as much Florentine orris root as will 
equal the other ingredients put together. Grind the whole wen to 
powder, and then put it into little bags, among your clothes, etc. 

Bald Heads A most valuable remedy for promoting the 

growth of the hair is an application once or twice a day of wild 
indigo and alcohol. Take four ounces of wild indigo and steep it 
about a week or ten days in a pint of alcohol and a pint of hot 
water, when it will be ready for use. The head must be thor- 
oughly washed with the liquid, morning and evening, application 
being made with a sponge or soft brush. Another excellent 
preparation is composed of three ounces of castor oil, with just 
enough alcohol to cut the oil, to which add twenty drops tincture 
of cantharides, and perfume to suit. This not only softens and 
imparts a gloss to the hair, but also invigorates and strengthens the 
roots of the hair. 

Dry Cough Take of powdered gum-arabic half an ounce ; 

liquorice juice, half an ounce. Dissolve the gum first in warm 
water, squeeze in the juice of a lemon, then add of paregoric two 
drachms, syrup of squills one drachm. Cork all in a bottle and 
shake well. Take one teaspoonful when the cough is trouble- 
some. 

Black Silk Reviver Boil logwood in water half an hour, 

take it out and put into the dye a little blue vitrol, or green copperas ; 
cool it and simmer the silk for half an hour. Or, boil a handful of 
fig leaves in two quarts of water until it is reduced to one pint; 
squeeze the leaves, and bottle the liquor for use. When wanted 
sponge the silk with it. 

Bunions In their early development they may be checked 

by binding the joint with adhesive plaster and keeping it on as long 



16 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

as any uneasiness is felt. The bandaging should be perfect, and it 
might be well to extend it around the foot. An inflamed bunion 
should be poulticed, and larger shoes be worn. Iodine, twelve 
grains; yard or spermaceti ointment, half an ounce, makes a capital 
ointment for bunions. It should be rubbed on gently twice or three 
times a day. 

Cautions in Visiting the Sick — Do not visit the sick 
when you are fatigued, or in a state of perspiration, or with the 
stomach empty — for in such condition you are liable to take the 
infection. When the disease is very contagious, take the side of 
the patient which is near to the window. Do not enter the room 
the first thing in the morning before it has been aired; and when 
you come away take some food, change your clothing immediately, 
and expose the latter to the air for some days. Tobacco smoke is 
a fine preventive of malaria. 

To Destroy the Taste of Medicine — Have the medi- 
cine in a glass as usual, and a tumbler of water by the side of it; 
then take the medicine and retain it in the mouth, which should be 
kept closed, and if you then commence drinking the water the taste 
of the medicine is washed away. Even the bitterness of quinine 
and aloes may be prevented by this means. 

Cheap and Good Vinegar — To eight gallons of clear 

rain water, add three quarts of molasses; turn the mixture into a 
clean, tight cask, shake it well two or three times, and add three 
spoonsful of good yeast, or two yeast cakes; place the cakes in a 
warm place, and in ten days add a sheet of common brown wrap- 
ping paper, smeared with molasses and torn into narrow strips, 
and you will have good vinegar. The paper is necessary to form 
the "Mother" or life of the vinegar. 

Cancer The following is said to be a sure cure for the 

cancer: A piece of sticking plaster is put over the cancer with a 
circular piece cut out of the centre a little larger than the cancer, 
so that the cancer and a small circular rim of healthy skin next to it 
is exposed. Then a plaster made of chloride of zinc, blood root 
and wheat flour is spread on a piece of muslin the size of this cir- 
cular opening and applied to the cancer for twenty-four hours. On 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 17 

removing it ,the cancer will be found burned into and appear of the 
color and hardness of an old shoe sole, and the circular rim outside 
of it will appear white and parboiled, as if scalded by hot steam. 
The wound is now dressed, and the outside rim soon separates and 
the cancer comes out in a hard lump and the place heals up. The 
plaster kills the cancer so that it sloughs like dead flesh and never 
grows again. The remedy was discovered by Dr. King, of Lon- 
don, and has been used by him for several years with unfailing suc- 
cess, and not a case has been known of the reappearance of the 
cancer when this remedy has been applied. 

Soothing Syrup Alcohol, oil of peppermint, castor oil, of 

each one ounce; mix. Add oil of anise, half drachm; magnesia, 
sixty grains; pulverized ginger, forty grains; water, two ounces; 
white sugar to form a syrup. 

Soothing Syrup Take one pound of honey, add two 

tablespoonsful of paregoric and the same of oil of anise seed; add 
enough water to make a thick syrup, and bottle. For children 
teething; dose, teaspoonful occasionally. 

Balm Or Beauty Pure soft water, one quart; pulverized 

castile soap, four ounces; emulsion of bitter almonds, six ounces; 
rose and orange flower water, of each, eight ounces; tincture of 
benzoin, two drachms; borax, one drachm; add five grains bichlo- 
ride of mercury to every eight ounces of the mixture. To use, 
apply on a cotton or linen cloth to the face, etc. 

Liquid for Forcing the Beard — Colonge, two ounces; 

liquid hartshorn, one drachm; tincture cantharides, two drachms; oil 
rosemary, twelve drops; lavender, twelve drops. Apply to the 
face daily and await results. Said to be reliable. 

To Increase the Flow of Milk in Cows — Give your 

cows, three times a day, water slightly warm, slightly salted, in 
which bran has been stirred at the rate of one quart to two gallons 
of water. You will find, if you have not tried this daily practice 
that the cow will give twenty-five per cent more milk and she will 
become so much attached to the diet that she will refuse to drink 
clear water unless very thirsty, but this mess she will drink at 
almost any time and ask for more. The amount of this drink 



18 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

necessary is an ordinary water pail full each time, morning, noon 
and night. Avoid giving cows "slops," as they are no more fit 
for the animal than they are for the human. 

Flaxseed Tea Macerate one ounce flaxseed and half an 

ounce of bruised liquorice root in one pint of boiling water for two 
hours, in a lightly closed vessel; filter, and add one fluid ounce of 
lemon juice. This is a good drink in cases of catarrh. 

To Remove Grease Aqua ammonia, two ounces; soft 

water, one quart; salt petre, one teaspoonful; shaving soap in 
shavings, one ounce; mix all together; dissolve the soap well, and 
any grease or dirt that cannot be removed with this preparation, 
nothing else need be tried for it. 

Remedy for Neuralgia — Hypophosphite of soda, taken 

in one drachm doses three times a day in beef tea is a good remedy 
for this painful affection. So is the application of bruised horse- 
radish, or the application of oil of peppermint applied lightly with a 
camel hair pencil. 

Jockey Club— Spirits of wine, five gallons; orange flower 
water, one gallon; balsam of Peru, four ounces; essence of berga- 
mot, eight ounces; essence of musk, eight ounces; essence of cloves, 
four ounces; essence of neroli, two ounces. 

Centennial Gold Medal Vinegar No. 1 — Mix with 

twenty-five gallons of warm rain water, four gallons molasses and 
one gallon of yeast, and let it ferment; you will soon have the best 
vinegar. Keep adding these articles in these proportions as the 
stock is sold. Use brewers' yeast. 

For Grocers Sale Take three barrels; let one of them be 

your vinegar barrel; fill this last up before it is quite empty with 
molasses, two gallons; soft water, eleven gallons; yeast, one quart; 
keeping these proportions in filling up the whole three barrels. Sell 
the vinegar out of your old vinegar barrel as soon as it is ready, 
which will be in a short time; when nearly empty, fill it up with the 
fluid as before and pass on to sell out of the next barrel. By the 
time it is disposed of go on to the last; then go back to the first, 
filling up your barrels in every case when nearly empty, and you 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 19 

will always keep a good stock of vinegar on hands unless your sales 
are very large, in which case follow the next process. Have the 
bung-holes open in the barrels to admit air. The free admission 
of warm air hastens the process. Use brewers' yeast. 

Vinegar in Three Days — Get a quantity of maple, 

beech, or basewood chips or shavings and soak these in good 
vinegar for two or three days. With these chips you will fill a 
barrel, which has been pierced with a large number of inch holes all 
around the sides for the free admission of air among the chips 
(the more holes in the barrel the better, for the more air the sooner 
the vinegar will be made) ; cut another barrel in two halves, place 
one half below the barrel with the chips and the other half above it. 
The top tub must have its bottom pierced with a number of gimlet 
holes, in which are placed several threads of twine to conduct the 
vinegar evenly over the chips. The liquid drains down slowly 
through the chips and out of a faucet near the bottom of the 
barrel into the lower tub. It should run through every four hours, 
and then be baled or pumped back. Directions to make vinegar 
from sugar: Use one and a half pounds to each gallon of water; 
of the dregs of molasses barrels, use two pounds to each gallon of 
water. Small beer, lager beer, ale, etc., which have become sour 
make good vinegar by being reduced with water. Small beer needs 
but little water; lager beer as much water as beer; to two gal- 
lons of cider, add half a gallon of water. You can also make ex- 
cellent vinegar out of the artificial cider mentioned below. Use, in 
every case, soft water to make vinegar, and use two parts yeast to 
every barrel. It makes much quicker if the fluid is slightly luke- 
warm. Leach either of these preparations through the shavings. 
This process should be attended to during warm weather, or in a 
room where a pretty high temperature is kept up, as it will not 
work otherwise. 

White Wine Vinegar Mash up twenty pounds raisins 

and add ten gallons of water; let it stand in a warm place for one 
month and you will have pure white wine vinegar. The raisins 
may be used a second time the same way. 

Cure for Fever and Ague — One-half ounce spirits of 

nitre, one-half ounce tincture pepper, thirty-five grains quinine, one 



20 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

pint of brandy. Take wineglassful three times a day, one-half houi 
before meals. If a child, give only half the quantity. 

Sick Canaries Bakers' sponge cake dipped in sherry wine 

is strongly recommended for sick canary birds that have been moult- 
ing. The bird will no doubt eat sparingly of it, but the remedy is 
excellent. It has been known in many instances to restore the 
voice and health of canaries after shedding eighteen months and 
two years. Birds often continue moulting from weakness, and a 
short time feeding them on the cake and sherry, in connection with 
their seed, soon shows a beneficial effect. I would also advise 
not giving the bird any greens to eat, nor apples while in the con- 
dition described. Canaries having asthma are relieved, and some- 
times cured, by giving them a pap made of bakers' bread boiled in 
sweet milk. In very bad cases, remove their seed for a few days 
and let them fed entirely upon it. The following treatment com- 
pletely restored a fine singer which I had quite despaired of, as he 
had been sick and silent for months: Leave off seed entirely. 
Make a paste of sweet milk and bread crumbs, throwing the crumbs 
into the milk while boiling and stir until quite smooth ; add a pinch 
of cayenne pepper, varied occasionally by some finely-minced clove 
or garlic; dissolve in the drinking water a little black currant jelly, a 
bit of fig, or half a potash lozenge. I used all of these and my bird 
is well, so to which the preference is given I know not, though I 
incline to the jelly. It may take a long time to cure the bird, and 
if the trouble arises from hardness of the tongue it must be painted 
daily with strong borax water. If he sneezes, a little olive oil must 
be gently put up the nostrils. He should have plenty of tepid 
water to bathe in, celery, sweet apple, or lettuce. But by no means 
hang him close. to the window, the cold is too severe, even in a 
moderately warm room for a bird in delicate health. Paste must be 
fresh daily. 

To Mend Crockery No. 1 — Four pounds white glue, 

one and a half pounds dry white lead, one-half pound isinglass, one 
gallon soft water, one quart alcohol, one-half pint white varnish; 
dissolve the glue and the isinglass in the water by gentle heat if 
preferred; stir in the lead, put the alcohol in the varnish, and mix 
the whole together. 

Screw in Plaster It often becomes desirable to insert 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 21 

screws into plaster walls without attaching them to any wood- 
work, but when we turn them the plaster gives way, and our effort 
is vain; and yet a screw may be inserted in plaster so as to hold 
light pictures, etc., very firmly. Enlarge the hole to about twice 
the diameter of the screw, fill it with plaster of paris, such as is 
used for fastening the tops of lamps, etc., and bed the screw in the 
soft plaster. When the plaster has set the screw will hold like iron. 

Extirpation of Cockroaches Common red wafers, to 

be found at any stationers', will answer the purpose. The cock- 
roaches eat them and die. Also sprinkle powdered borax around 
where "they most do congregate," and renew it occasionally. In a 
short time not a roach will be seen. This is a safe and most ef- 
fectual exterminator. 

To Clean Old Black Silk — Grate two potatoes into a 
quart of water; let it stand to settle, and then drain it off clear. 
Lay a breadth of the silk — from which you have wiped off all the 
dust with a flannel rag — outside upward on a clean cloth spread 
over an ironing blanket. Sponge it across the breadth well; fold 
it up, taking care to keep the wetted side upward. Do all the 
breadths, laying them each aside; then iron them with a hot iron, 
having a thin piece of linen or an old handkerchief spread over the 
silk under the iron; this will prevent the silk from shining. Chloro- 
form will cleanse the finest silks and remove spots without injury to 
the fabric. 

To Renovate Black Silk Two ounces soap bark (to be 

had at any drug store) soaked over night in one quart rain water. 
Pour off the water from the bark in the morning and sponge the 
silk thoroughly on both sides and hang smoothly on a clothes horse 
to dry. Do not iron. Old and soiled black silks have been made 
to look something approaching to newness and more than respectable 
by this process. 

A Remedy for Rheumatism Four ounces salt-petre in 

one pint of alcohol ; shake well and bathe parts affected ; wetting red 
flannel with it, lay it on. It does not cure, but takes away the 
redness, reduces the swelling and relieves the torment and agony. 

To Drive Away AntS Put red pepper in the places the 



22 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

ants frequent the most, and scrub the shelves or drawers with strong 
carbolic soap. 

To Remove "Red Mites" from Canaries — P u t 

into the cage as a perch one or more hollow sticks, with holes cut 
into them in short distances as in a cane pipe. The insects crawl 
into these and can be easily knocked or shaken out or destroyed by 
letting hot water run through the sticks. This should be done every 
day till the bird is relieved. Hang a piece of new white flannel in 
the cage at night next the perch so that it shades the bird from the 
light. In the morning you will find the mites on the flannel; wash, 
or put in a piece of new cloth the following night, and continue do- 
ing so until they are all removed. It is also well to scald the cage. 
The perches should be of red cedar wood. 

How to Cure Drunkenness — Sulphate of iron, five 

grains; peppermint water, eleven drachms; spirit of nutmeg, one 
drachm; one tablespoonful twice a day. This preparation acts as 
a stimulant and tonic, and supplies the place of the accustomed 
liquor. 

To Restore Velvet Where velvet has been crushed, hold 

the wrong side over a basin of quite boiling water, and the pile will 
gradually rise. Do not lose patience, for it takes a considerable 
time, but the result is marvelous. 

Hair Restorative A tea made by pouring one pint of 

boiling water on two tablespoonsful of rosemary leaves, with a 
wineglass of rum added, is excellent. 

To Soften the Hands Before retiring, take a large pair 

of old gloves and spread mutton tallow inside, also all over the 
hands. Wear the gloves all night and wash the hands with olive 
oil and white Castile soap the next morning. 

To Remove White Stains from Furniture — H a v e 

ready three pieces of woolen cloth, with one w r ell dipped in lamp oil, 
(or if that is not convenient, linseed oil) ; rub the spot briskly, wet 
the second with alcohol and apply to oily surface, rubbing quickly, as 
too much alcohol will destroy the varnish, and finally polish with the 
third cloth, moistened with oil or furniture polish. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 23 

Soap Manufacture When wood ashes cannot be had 

conveniently it is usual for soap manufacturers to use equal quan- 
tities of recently slaked lime and salsoda, soda ash or caustic soda, 
using water enough to give the lye sufficient strength to support a 
fresh egg. It must be very strong. The solution can be effected 
by heat, or stirring, or by both methods, finally drawing off or bail- 
ing out the liquid clear of sediment, previously throwing in salt 
and giving time for the sediment to settle; one ton of yellow soap 
will require about a thousand pounds of tallow and three hundred 
and fifty pounds resin, with lye sufficient. The same quantity of 
white soap will require nearly thirteen hundred pounds tallow, boil- 
ing in every case with the proper quantity of lye, until it forms a 
perfectly homogeneous mass by a perfect blending of the component 
parts all together, when it is poured out into suitable frames to 
harden and cool. It is afterwards cut up into proper sized bars by 
means of wires to which handles are attached and then piled up to 
dry. 

Solid Candles from Lard Dissolve quarter-pound alum 

and quarter-pound salt-petre, in half-pint water on a slow fire; then 
take three pounds of lard cut into small pieces and put into the pot 
with this solution, stirring it constantly over a very moderate fire 
until the lard is all dissolved; then let it simmer until all steam 
ceases to rise and remove it at once from the fire. If you leave it 
too long it will get discolored. These candles are harder and better 
than tallow. 

To Flavor TobaCCO This is done by means of a mixture 

of one quart each of lemon peel, orange peel, figs, corriander seed 
and sassafras; half part each of elder flowers, elder berries and cin- 
namon; two parts of salt-petre, three of salt and four of sugar. 
This mixture must be digested in fifty parts of water, and, before 
applying it flavor with an alcoholic solution of gum benzoin, mastic, 
and myrrh. It is said that this decoction gives a flavor to common 
leaves resembling Porto Rican, but to this end the leaves must be 
well dried, about a year old, well permeated with the preparation; 
kept in a pile for eight days, turned daily and finally dried. 

Flavor for Cigar Makers — Take two ounces Tonqua 

beans and one ounce cinnamon ; bruise and pulverize them to a 



24 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

powder and put them into one pint of Santa Cruze rum; let it 
stand for a few days to macerate; stir all together and with this 
liquid sprinkle your common or inferior tobacco. Dry out of the 
sun and the flavor will be unequaled. 

Unerring Test for Good Flour — Good flour is white, 

with a yellowish or straw-color tint. Squeeze some of the flour in 
your hand; if good, it will retain the shape given by pressure. 
Knead a little between your fingers; if it works soft and sticky, it is 
poor. Throw a little against a dry perpendicular surface; if it falls 
like powder, it is bad. 

Transparent Soap Slice six pounds nice yellow bar-soap 

into shavings ; put into a brass, tin or copper kettle, with alcohol, one- 
half gallon, heating gradually over a slow fire, stirring till all is dis- 
solved ; then add one ounce sassafras essence and stir until all is 
mixed; now pour into pans about one and a half inches deep and 
when cold cut into square bars the length or width of the pan, as de- 
sired. 

To Correct Musty Flour Carbonate of magnesia, 3 

pounds; flour, 765 lbs.; mix. This improves bad flour, causing 
it to become more wholesome, producing lighter and better bread 
than when alum is used, and absorbs and dissipates the musty 
smell. 

Patent Self -Rising Flour Kiln-dried flour, one cwt; 

tartaric acid, ten ounces; mix thoroughly. After two or three days, 
add, of bicarbonate of soda, twelve ounces; lump sugar, half a 
pound; common salt, one and a half pounds. Mix, and pass 
through the "dressing machine." Have all the articles perfectly 
dry, and separately reduced to fine powder before adding to the 
flour. Mix with cold water and bake at once. It produces light 
and porous bread. 

To Cure Butter Take two parts of fine salt; one part loaf 

sugar; one part salt-petre; mix completely. Use one ounce of this 
mixture to each pound of butter; work well. Bury your butter 
firkins in the earth in your cellar bottom, tops nearly level with the 
ground, or store away in a very cool place, covering the butter with 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 25 

a clean cloth and a strong brine on the top, and it will keep two 
years if desired. 

To Keep Butter During Hot Weather — A simple 

mode of keeping butter in warm weather is to invert a large crock 
of earthware, or a flour pot if need be (varying with the size of the 
vessel containing the butter), over the dish or firkin in which the 
butter is held. The porousness of the earthenware will keep the 
butter cool, and all the more so if the pot be wrapped in a wet 
cloth with a little water in the dish, with the butter. Not the 
perosity of the earthenware, but the rapid absorption of heat by 
external evaporation causes the butter to become hard. 

Premium Method of Keeping Hams, Etc, — Add to 

four gallons of water eight pounds of coarse salt; quarter ounce pot- 
ash, two ounces salt-petre, two pounds brown sugar. Boil together, 
skim when cold, put on the above quantity to 1 00 pounds of meat; 
hams to remain in eight weeks; beef, three weeks. Let the hams 
dry several days before smoking. Meats of all kinds, salmon and 
other fish, lobsters, etc., may be preserved for years by a light appli- 
cation of pyroligneous acid applied with a brush, sealing up in cans 
as usual. It imparts a splendid flavor to the meat, is very cheap 
and is very effectual and preservative against loss. 

Aerated oread One pound flour, 1 00 grains carbonate 

of soda, 60 grains common salt, one teaspoon powdered sugar, 1 20 
grains muriatic acid, more or less, according to its strength ; one wine 
pint of water, inferior flour will require less. Well mix the flour, 
soda, salt and sugar in an earthen vessel, then add the acid mixed 
with the water, stir with a wooden spoon. Bake in one loaf about 
an hour. Bake in tin or iron pans, but avoid the use of metallic ves- 
sels or spoons while mixing. 

To Restore Rancid Butter Use one pint water to each 

pound of butter, previously adding twenty grains chloride of lime 
to each pint of water; wash well the butter in the mixture, after- 
ward re-wash in cold water and salt; or melt the butter in a water 
bath with animal charcoal, coarsely powdered and previously well 
sifted to free it from dust; skim, remove and strain through flannel; 
then salt. 



26 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Tomato Catsup Boil one bushel of tomatoes till they are 

soft, squeeze them through a fine wire sieve; add one and a half 
pints salt, two ounces cayenne pepper and five heads of onions, 
skinned and separated; mix together and boil till reduced one-half; 
then bottle. 

The Northern-Light Burning Fluid — Get good de- 
odorized benzine, sixty to sixty-five gravity, and to each barrel of 
forty-two gallons add two pounds pulverized alum, three and a half 
ounces gum camphor and three and a half ounces oil of sassafras, or 
two ounces oil of bergamot; stir up and mix thoroughly together, 
and it will soon be ready for use. N. B. — As this fluid creates a 
much larger volume of light and flame than carbon oil, it is neces- 
sary to use either a high burner, such as the sun-burner, to ele- 
vate the flame away from the lamp in order to keep it cool, or in- 
stead thereof, to use a burner provided with a tube for the escape 
of the gas generated from the fluid, such, for instance, as the 
Meriden burner. 

Young's Cheng Wing Starch Polish — This article 

has undoubtedly had a more extensive sale through agents than any 
other article used in the household. It is a meritorious one and 
will always find sale if our directions are followed. Care must be 
taken to procure the ingredients marked as we give them. 

DIRECTIONS AND RECIPE 
Procure from your druggist an article of commerce called and 
marked A-l , (not B-l ), but A-l Paraffine Wax. It must be the 
hardest wax made. If an inferior grade is used it will not produce 
the same result as the best A-1 wax. Please buy no other. Place 
your paraffine in a tin boiler or pan, or pail, or kettle, as is most 
convenient. Melt it over a slow fire. Use care in melting. When 
melted thoroughly, remove the vessel from the fire, cover it to keep 
the liquid hot. Take some round tin pie pans and oil them with 
sweet oil as you would for pie baking, but do not use lard. Put 
these pans on a level table, and pour in enough of the hot wax to 
make a depth in each pan equal to about the thickness of one- 
eighth of an inch. While hot glance over the pans to see if they 
are level. As this is very essential, please remember it. If the 
pans are not level the cakes will be all thicknesses, which should 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 27 

not be so. Let them cool but not too fast. Watch them closely 
and have a tin stamp ready to stamp the cakes out about the size 
of an ordinary candy lozenge. This stamp should be about eight 
inches long, larger at the top than at the bottom, so that the cakes 
can pass up through the stamp as you are cutting them out of the 
pans. Lay the cakes in another pan to cool. Before they become 
very hard, separate them from each other; if not it will be difficult 
to do so when they become very hard. Do not neglect this. Have 
boxes made at any paper box makers in any large city. They cost 
about from one to two cents each ; sliding boxes are the best. Have 
your labels printed and commence business at once. This is a 
standard article. Wholesale grocers throughout the United States 
generally have it in stock. You can wholesale it to them or retail 
it to families. This one secret is worth one hundred times the price 
of this book. 

Young's Turkish or Frozen Perfumes — Perhaps no 

article of luxury has had such a continuous sale. It is a saleable, 
cheap and meritorious Solidified Perfume. The demand for it has 
never diminished. In 1 863 — simultaneous with the introduction of 
the Starch Polish — we introduced this novelty — solidified perfume. 
The sales have been simply enormous. This perfume is selling as 
fast as ever, and we feel that the world is wide and room for all, 
and have determined to publish the correct recipe in this book. It 
is easily and cheaply made. The U. S. Revenue Department re- 
quires every person manufacturing this article to place a one-cent 
proprietary stamp on every box sold. Please remember this. 

RECIPE AND DIRECTIONS 

Procure A-l Paraffine Wax from any wholesale druggist. Be 
sure to get the hard A-l wax. Melt it over a slow fire in any tin 
vessel; care should be taken not to let it burn. Be particular about 
this. .When melted, remove it from the fire and cover the top of 
the vessel. Now, you must remember that solidified perfumes can- 
not be successfully made while hot, but they must be warm. The 
heat drives out the perfume, and counteracts the effects of the 
essential oils. Light extracts are worthless. Take two ounces of 
lemon grass, and one-half ounce oil of cloves and one-quarter ounce 
oil lavender flowers; mix them well together. For this amount of 



28 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

perfume you require about four quarts of the liquid paraffine. 
Pour the oils into the melted paraffine while warm, stirring it well 
while pouring. Have ready round pie pans, well oiled with olive 
oil. Pour in the perfumed wax until you have about one-quarter 
inch in depth of the melted liquid perfume in each pan. Be sure 
to have your pans level on the table. Have a tin stamp ready to 
use to cut the cakes out at the proper time. This stamp should 
be made larger at the top than at the bottom. It should be square. 
The stamp that we use is one and three-eighth inch long, and one 
inch wide at the stamping point. It is a little larger at the top. 
The edges are filed sharp as a knife, and kept so constantly. 
Stamp the cakes out when they are cooling, before they get too 
hard to cut. You must use your eyes, your hands and common 
sense and good judgment at this stage of its manufacture. If it is 
too cold and hard you cannot cut it. If too soft your punch will 
stick to the soft wax. Watch it closely and you cannot fail to 
have the best results. Lay the square cakes into pans to cool; or, 
if your punch does not draw them up from the pan you are 
stamping, let them remain in the original pan until cold enough to 
box up. Use gilt boxes the size of the cake, and put your own 
price on them. They are worth 15 to 25 cents retailed. Reckon 
your cost of manufacture and regulate your wholesale price accord- 
ingly. We consider this information worth one thousand dollars 
to any smart, active man or woman. We mean just what we say. 
One thousand dollars is a mere song for this recipe. One man has 
been kept stamping out this solidified perfume for six consecutive 
years. Any child of good common sense can make it. Although 
introduced in 1863, it has not been manufactured continually since 
that time. It was made six years and then laid aside. It will sell 
well now. It was made from the above recipe, and you have the 
right and privilege to do the same. 

American Gin Without Distillation — Can be made 

for sixteen cents per pint. To make this compound it is necessary • 
to procure clean rectified spirit, either proof or in one five under 
proof, which can be procured at any of the distillers. Procure 
one gallon of proof spirits, and one ounce of juniper berries, and let 
them steep together for* a week; then take a quarter of an ounce 
of the oil of juniper berries and with this add ten drops of the 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 29 

oil of turpentine and five drops of the oil of sweet fennel seeds. 
Rub these three oils together with a sufficient quantity of loaf sugar 
to absorb the oils, after which add gradually one-eighth pint of 
rectified spirits of wine. Stir it until the whole is thoroughly incor- 
porated and mix it well in the proof spirits. The next day add 
half a pint of clean lime water and fine it with a bit of rock alum 
the size of a pea. Strain off when clear, add two or three quarts of 
sweetened water to bring it to the strength of what is termed extra 
strong or strong; this will produce twelve or fourteen pints of 
American Gin, at a cost of little more than 1 6 cents per pint. 

Premium Mead Fermented mead is made in the propor- 
tion of one pound of honey to three pints of water, or by boiling 
over a moderate fire till the quantity is reduced one-third, three 
parts water and one part honey. The liquor is then skimmed and 
casked, care being taken to keep the cask full while fermenting. 
During the process the cask is left unstopped and exposed to the 
sun or in a warm room till the working ceases. The cask is then 
bunged and in a few months the cellar renders it fit for use. Mead 
is rendered more vinous and pleasant by the addition of cut raisins 
or other fruits, boiled in the proportion of half a pound of raisins to 
six pounds of honey, with a toasted crust of breat, an ounce of salt 
of tartar in a glass of brandy being added to the liquor when casked, 
to which add five or six drops of essence of cinnamon; others, 
pieces of lemon peel, with various syrups. This is not only a 
splendid beverage for home consumption, but will sell readily at 
any public resort. 

Ale Without Malt or Hops No product in this country 

abounds so much with saccharine matter as the shells of green 
peas. A strong decoction of them so much resembles, in odor 
and taste, an infusion of malt (termed wort), as to deceive a 
brewer. This decoction, rendered slightly bitter with the wood 
sage, and afterward fermented with yeast, affords a very excellent 
beverage. The method employed is as follows: Fill a boiler with 
the green shells of peas, pour on water till it rises half an inch 
above the shells, and simmer for three hours. Strain off the liquor 
and add a strong decoction of the wood sage, or the hop, so as 
to render it pleasantly bitter; then ferment in the usual manner. 
The wood sage is the best substitute for hops, and being free from 



30 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

any anodyne property is entitled to a preference. Boil a fresh 
quantity of the shells in the decoction and when cold it may be 
thoroughly impregnated with saccharine matter, as to afford a 
liquor when fermented, as strong as ale. 

Simple Remedy for Asthma The Repertoire de Phar- 

macie gives the following simple remedy for the asthma: Take a 
strong saturated solution of nitrate of potassa; dip tender into it, 
and then allow it to dry. Procure a wide mouth phial, the cork 
of which has an aperture in the centre, so as to admit any hollow 
tube whatever — a pipe closed at the end, for example. Light the 
piece of tinder and place it in the phial. Then cause the patient to 
inhale the gases that are disengaged, either through the mouth or 
nostrils. At the end of a few respirations he will find relief which 
will augment. In regard to an explanation of this mode of treat- 
ment, it is supposed that a small portion of oxygen, disengaged by 
the combustion of the nitrate of potassa, is inhaled by the patient. 
It is known that in asthmatic patients the sanguinous circulation is 
incomplete in the lungs, and the blood is imperfectly regenerated; 
that it is black and does not burn its excess of carbon. By the 
oxygen absorbed, therefore, combustion may be facilitated. 

Glycerine Cement Professor Hirzel has discovered an 

important use of glycerine. When glycerine is mixed with fine and 
well dried litharge it yields a cement that is capable of a large 
number of applications. All metals and nearly all solid bodies can 
be bound together by this cement; it is said to harden under water 
as readily as in the air, and to resist a temperature of 500°. It is 
especially recommended for such pieces of apparatus as are exposed 
to the action of chlorine; hydrochloric acid, sulphurous acid, sul- 
phuric acid, and nitre acid; also the vapor of alcohol, ether and 
bisulphide of carbon, as none of these agents act upon it. The 
cement can be used in steam engines, pumps, foundations for ma- 
chinery and finally as a substitute for plaster in galvano-plaster and 
electro-plating. The proportion of glycerine and litharge to be 
taken must depend somewhat upon the consistency of the cement 
and its proposed uses. An excess of glycerine would retard the 
setting, as it does not readily evaporate. 

Bordeaux Wine Imitated Take a quart of fine Ameri- 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 31 

can cider, and an equal quantity of port wine, mix and shake them ; 
put the mixed liquor in bottles and cork them well and let the bottles 
be laid on their sides. In one month it will be a very good imita- 
tion of foreign Bordeaux wine. 

Great Art of Waterproofing Cloth — For many years 

I have worn India rubber water-proof, but I will buy no more, for 
I have learned that good Scottish tweed can be made completely 
impervious to rain, and, moreover, I have learned how to make it 
so; and for the benefit of the public this recipe is given as follows: 
In a pail of soft water put half a pound of sugar of lead, (the 
acetate of lead), and half a pound of alum; stir this at intervals 
until it becomes clear; then pour it off into another pail and put the 
garment therein and let it be in for twenty-four hours, and then 
hang it up to dry without wringing it. Two of my party — a 
lady and a gentleman — have worn garments thus treated in the 
wildest storm of wind and rain without getting wet. The rain 
hangs upon the cloth in globules; in short, they are really water- 
proof. This is, I think, a secret worth knowing, for cloth, if it 
can be made to keep out wet, is in every way better than what we 
know as waterproof. 

How to Raise the Vinegar Plant — What is known as 

the vinegar plant is only a form of the " Mother of Vinegar/' which 
is, again, only a state of common mold. The manner of obtaining 
it is as follows: Leave a little vinegar in a small bottle to become 
stale (during hot, close weather is best), till a film appears on the 
surface. This film is the spawn or mycelium of a species of mil- 
dew, and is the incipient state of the vinigar plant proper. If a 
few fragments of coarse brown sugar now be added it will some- 
what aid its growth, but when the film has attained the thickness of 
parchment it is ready for transfer to syrup, where it soon becomes 
the housewife's normal vinegar plant. Procure a large jar or bot- 
tle, and to two quarts of boiling water add half a pound of molasses 
and half a pound of the commonest brown sugar; stir all these in- 
gredients well together and when cool transfer the film from the 
surface of the vinegar to the surface of the syrup; cover up to 
exclude air, and keep in a warm cupboard. This film will rapidly 
grow and form a thick, slippery, gelatinous mass all over the sur- 



32 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

face of the syrup, and in the course of six weeks or so the liquid 
will be changed to excellent vinegar. The vinegar plant can now 
be taken and divided into layers, or cut up into fragments, each 
piece of which if placed upon fresh syrup will rapidly grow and 
change the liquor into vinegar. The vinegar should be allowed to 
settle and be strained before it is used. 

Fish Culture How To Secure Nearly Double the Usual 

Product in Fish Raising: I have closely observed the habits of 
many of the fishes that inhabit our southern streams, and among 
others, the trout. Here they are migratory, or at least they leave 
the small streams in October and return to them in March. They 
spawn in April and the young brood are hatched out in a few days. 
Now, my plan for increasing the yield is to have the eggs of the 
trout and other fishes well protected in their natural bed, where 
deposited by the mother, by placing over it a frame of fine wire net 
or cloth. But little attention is needed to find the nest of the 
trout or other fish ; then as soon as all the eggs are deposited you 
have only to put the wire net over the nest and it will keep off nearly 
all of the fish and insects that prey on the eggs. In this way I 
think you may be sure of about 75 per cent of the eggs producing 
young trout, and as these remain near the nest till old enough to 
escape from most of the dangers of their infant state, the wire net 
will save nearly all of them. 

Mad Stones How to Find, How to Prepare and How 

to Use the great Natural Remedy for Bites of Poisonous or Rabid 
Animals: There are several possessors of what are called "mad 
stones," and each of these persons is regarded as pecularly fortun- 
ate to possess the article which has, in many cases, been handed 
down from generation to generation, or has been purchased at a 
high prices. The wonders achieved by such stones have many wit- 
nesses in their respective sections, and a single little stone has 
yielded its owner a handsome income, as persons bitten by snakes, 
mad dogs, etc., will readily pay $2 to $10 merely to be allowed to 
apply the marvelous stone to the wound. The finding of these 
stones has been so far mere chance. I propose to tell how they can 
be obtained with greater certainty. In nearly every section there is 
what is known as "red shale" or "red shell," and also of a darker 
color, a nearly black variety of similar rocks. Among specimens 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 33 

of both these minerals will be found occasionally one very porous 
or absorbent. Try one of these on the tongue; when one is found 
that will adhere strongly it is suitable to use. Grind down to con- 
venient shape, with a flat surface. In this way several specimens 
have been found which on comparison proved exactly like the fa- 
mous one owned by the Pointer family, of Halifax County, Vir- 
ginia, for fifty years and performing many cures. Should you have 
any difficulty in finding any of these natural "mad stones," I have 
learned how artificial ones may be manufactured, possessing equal 
value; indeed, such is the secret of the great East Indian "Pamboo- 
kaloo" remedy in cases of wounds by venomous serpents, of which 
are given many well authenticated instances of its virtue when the 
patient was bitten by the deadly cobra del capello. The stone is 
intensely black and highly polished, and, being porous, rapidly 
imbibes the blood and with it the poison. The stone adheres for 
a few minutes, like the "mad stone," then drops off. Analysis of 
one of these has shown it is a piece of charred bone, evidence of 
which is afforded both by the aperture of cells or tubes on its sur- 
face and by the fact that it exhibits an organic structure within. 
When heated, water and ammonia escape, and finally the carbon 
burns away, leaving a white ash which is phosphate of lime. The 
snake charmers from the coast also visit Ceylon proper to prepare 
the snake stones themselves, and to preserve the composition a 
secret; the manufacture of them is a lucrative trade, carried on by 
the monks of Manila, who supply the merchants of India. The 
Mexicans also have a snake stone, piedra ponsona, which is sub- 
stantially the same as those above mentioned. To make it, it is 
only necessary to procure a sound, solid piece of horn, hart's horn 
is considered best, and roast slowly until thoroughly charred 
throughout. This is the whole secret of making, and the product 
will be found to have all the merits possessed by any already cele- 
brated for their cures. In using either the natural or artificial, the 
wood must be slightly moistened with water or spittle, or what 
would be even better, a little spirits of hartshorn. The stone is to 
be then pressed into the wound and allowed to adhere until it drops 
off. Cures are reported in even severe cases in from eight to twelve 
hours. One, applied in a case of bite by a copperhead snake and 
effected a complete cure in twelve hours. The patient was very 
sick and delirious. 



34 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Magical Paint Cleaner Provide a plate with some of 

the best whiting to be had, and have ready some clean warm water 
and a piece of flannel, which dip into the water and squeeze nearly 
dry; then take as much whiting as will adhere to it, apply it to the 
painted surface, when a little rubbing will instantly remove any 
dirt or grease. After which wash the part well with clean water, 
rubbing it dry with a soft chamois. Paint thus cleaned looks as 
well as when first laid on, without any injury to the most delicate 
colors. It is far better than using soap, and does not require more 
than half the time and labor. 

Liquid Blacking Ivory black, two pounds ; molasses, two 

pounds ; sweet oil, one pound ; rub together till well mixed, then add 
oil of vitrol, three-quarters of a pound; add coarse sugar, half 
pound, and dilute with beer bottoms. This cannot be excelled. 

Captain Hall's Remedy for the Drinking Habit — 

Sulphate of iron, five grains; peppermint water, eleven drachms; 
spirit of nutmeg, one drachm; to be taken twice a day in doses 
of about a wineglass or less, with or without water. This recipe 
is not only an inestimable boon to the victim of strong drink, but 
properly "pu^tad" is capable of yielding a handsome income from 
the manufacture. This remedy is prepared by different persons 
under different titles and sold at from $1.00 to $5.00 per bottle. 

Excelsior Axle Grease Take one part good plumbago 

(black lead), sifted through a coarse muslin so as to be perfectly 
free from grit, and stir it into five quarts of lard, warmed so as to 
be stirred easily without melting. Stir vigorously until it is smooth 
and uniform. Then raise the heat until the mixture melts. Stir 
constantly, remove from the fire and keep stirring until cold. Apply 
cold to the axle or any other bearing with a brush. If intended for 
use where the axle or bearing is in a warm apartment, as the in- 
terior of mills, etc., two ounces of hard tallow or one ounce of 
beeswax may be used to every ten pounds of the mixture. This 
grease is cheaper in use than oil, tallow or tar, or any compound of 
them, and can be sold at a good profit in any thickly settled country. 

Royal Washing Powder, Hard Water Made Soft 

— The laundresses' assistant; warranted not to injure the finest 
fabric. No acid, no potash. In the wash room it saves time, labor, 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 35 

expense, muscle, temper and hands. The clothes will come out 
clean and white, without wear or tear, or rubbing on washboard — 
therefore will last twice as long. For house cleaning it is unequaled. 
One girl can wash more clothes, paint, walls, windows or floors in 
a day with perfect ease with this powder than she could in four 
days with hard labor, soap and scrubbing brush ; and the paint will 
look new bright. It only requires to be tested to be appreciated. 
If it does not give satisfaction, we will refund the money. 

RECEIPT: Mix any quantity of soda ash with an equal 
portion of carbonate of soda, (ordinary soda) crushed into coarse 
grains. Have a thin solution of glue, or decoction of linseed oil 
ready, into which pour the soda until quite thick. Spread it out 
on boards in a warm apartment to dry. As soon as dry, shake 
up well so that it will pack easily into nice square packages. Label 
neatly. Pound packages ought not to cost over seven cents, ready 
for market; these retail readily for thirty-five cents. 

Imperial Fly Paper, or "Catch 'Em Alive Oh" — 

You must take linseed oil — no other will do — and put it into a 
strong iron pot. The pot must be one-third full only, and must 
have a lid that fits closely. You bring the oil to a boil and then 
set fire to it on top as well. This operation can only be carried on 
out doors. When it has been afire about forty minutes put on the 
lid to quench it and then take a little out on a stick and cool it to 
see whether it is thick enough. If not boil and burn again twenty 
minutes more, and so on until it is thick enough. Some oil requires 
as long as four or five hours, some longer yet, and some less. 
When of the right consistency, about like thick New Orleans mo- 
lasses, it can be brushed on stout manilla (brown) paper. When 
rightly made it will remain thick for six months. It can be made 
cheaper and quicker if some common rosin, cracked up into coarse 
powder, is put into it (one pound rosin to a gallon of oil) but it 
dries up quicker ; still this kind is good enough for general use. The 
sheets of paper should be about the size of letter paper and with 
a crease in the middle, and when covered with the compound 
should be folded so that the covered parts come together. They 
can then be packed and carried without injury to anything else. 
When wanted they can be easily pulled apart. The sheets are a 
ready seller at five cents apiece. Two hundred and fifty can be 



36 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

made from one gallon of linseed oil, which costs about one dollar, 
the paper cost being about eighty cents — it ought to be good and 
strong and the boiling would bring the cost to about a cent a 
sheet. 

Great English Harness Blacking — Three ounces tur- 
pentine, two ounces white wax, to be dissolved together over a 
slow fire; then add one ounce of ivory-black and one drachm of 
indigo, to be well pulverized and mixed together. When the wax 
and turpentine are dissolved add the ivory-black and the indigo 
and stir till cold. Apply very thin; brush afterwards and it will 
give a beautiful polish. This blacking keeps the leather soft and 
properly applied gives a good polish. It is excellent for buggy 
tops, harness, etc. Old harness if hard may be washed in warm 
water and when nearly dry, grease it with neatsfoot oil. 

Fire Kindlers To make very nice fire kindlers, take resin, 

any quantity, and melt it, putting in for each pound being used, 
from two to three ounces of tallow, and when all is hot, stir in pine 
sawdust to make very thick; and, while yet hot, spread it out about 
one inch thick, upon boards which have fine sawdust sprinkled 
upon them to prevent it from sticking. When cold, break up into 
lumps about one inch square. But if for sale, take a thin board 
and press upon it while yet warm, to lay it off into inch squares; 
this makes it break regularly if you press the crease sufficiently deep. 
Grease the marked board to prevent it from sticking. 

To Keep Cider Sweet, and Sweeten Sour Cider — 

To keep cider perfect take a keg and bore holes in the bottom of it ; 
spread a piece of woolen cloth at the bottom; then fill with clean 
sand closely packed ; draw your cider from a barrel just as fast as it 
will run through the sand ; after this, put in clean barrels which have 
had a piece of cotton or linen cloth two by seven inches dipped in 
melted sulphur and burned inside of them, thereby absorbing the 
sulphur fumes (this process will also sweeten sour cider). Then 
keep it in a cellar or room where there is no fire, and add half a 
pound white mustard seed to each barrel. If the cider is long 
made, or souring when you get it, about one quart of hickory ashes 
(or a little more of other hardwood ashes) stirred into each barrel 
will sweeten and clarify it nearly equal to rectifying it as above; 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 37 

but if it is not rectified it must be racked off to get clear of the 
pomace, as with this in it it will sour. Oil or whiskey barrels are 
best to put cider in. A half pint sweet oil to a barrel, or a gallon of 
whiskey to a barrel, or both, may be added with decidedly good 
effects. Isinglass, four ounces to each barrel, helps to clarify and 
settle cider that is not to be rectified. 

Hunter's Secrets and Private Guide to Trappers— 

The following recret applies to all animals, as every animal is at- 
tracted by the peculiar odor in a greater or less degree, but it is best 
adapted to land animals, such as foxes, minks, sabels, martens, 
wolves, bears, wild cats, etc. Take one-half pound strained honey, 
one-quarter drachm oil lavender and four pounds of tallow; mix the 
whole thoroughly together, and make it into forty pills, or balls, 
and place one of these pills under the pan of each trap when setting 
it. The above preparation will most wonderfully attract all kinds 
of animals, and trappers and others who use it will be sure of 
success. 

To Catch Foxes Take oil of amber and beaver's oil, each 

equal parts, and rub them over the trap before setting it. Set it 
in the usual way. 

To Catch Mink Take oil of amber and beaver's oil and 

rub over the trap. Bait with fish or birds. 

To Catch Muskrats In the female muskrat near the va- 
gina, is a small bag which holds from thirty to forty drops. Now 
all the trapper has to do is to procure a few female muskrats and 
squeeze the contents of a bag into a vial. Now when in quest of 
muskrats sprinkle a few drops of the liquid on the bushes over and 
around the trap. This will attract the male muskrats in large num- 
bers, and if the traps are properly arranged large numbers of them 
may be taken. In trapping muskrats steel traps should be used, 
and they should be set in the paths and runs of the animals, where 
they come upon the banks, and in every case the trap should be 
set under the water and carefully concealed; and care should be 
taken that it has sufficient length of chain to enable the animals to 
reach the water after being caught, otherwise they are liable to 
escape by tearing and gnawing off their legs. 



38 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

To Catch Beavers In trapping for beavers set the trap at 

the edge of the dater or dam, at the point where the animals pass 
from deep to shoal water, and always beneath the surface, and 
fasten it by means of a stout chain to a picket driven in the bank, 
or to a bush or tree. A flat stick should be made fast to the trap 
by a chord a few feet long, which, if the animals chance to carry 
away the trap, would float on the water and point out its position. 
The trap should be baited with the following preparations, called 
the "Beaver Medicine.*' This is prepared from a substance called 
Castor, and is obtained from the glandulous pouches of male 
animals. The contents of five or six of these castor bags are mixed 
with a nutmeg, twelve or fifteen cloves and thirty grains of cin- 
namon in five powders, and the whole well stirred together with 
as much whiskey as will give it the consistency of mixed mustard. 
This preparation must be left closely corked up, and in four or five 
days the odor becomes powerful; and this medicine smeared upon 
the bits of wood, etc., with which the traps are baited, will attract 
the beavers from a great distance, and wishing to make a close in- 
spection the animal puts its leg into the trap and is caught. The 
same caution in regard to length of chain should be observed for 
beavers as for otters, muskrats, etc., for unless they can reach the 
water they are liable to get out of the trap and escape. 

Apple Butter Without Apples Take one-half pint of 

the very cheapest black molasses (good molasses won't do), and 
one-half pint of good vinegar; mix well together; put it over the 
fire until it boils, then take it off and take one-eighth pint of wheat 
flour and cold water enough to make a thin batter, and mix well; 
then pour all these together and boil until it gets as thick as you 
want it. Stir all the time. Put in cinnamon or allspice to suit the 
taste. You will then have splendid apple butter. 

How to Make Old Orchards New — Kainite or Tree 

Medicine: It is very well known that the reason why peach, 
apple and pear orchards gradually grow poorer and poorer until they 
cease to produce at all, is because the potash is exhausted from 
the soil by the plant. This potash must be restored, and the most 
effective way to do it is to use the following compound, discovered 
by a distinguished German chemist: Thirty parts of sulphate of 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 39 

potash; fifteen parts sulphate of magnesia; thirty-five parts salt; fif- 
teen parts gypsum (plaster of paris) ; five parts of chloride of mag- 
nesia. This should be roughly powdered and mixed, and then 
mingled with barnyard manure, or dug in about the roots of the 
trees. From ten to twenty pounds to a tree are quite enough. 

How to Keep Apples Sound and Fresh All Winter 

— A very superior way of preserving apples till spring has been dis- 
covered. By it any apples in good condition when packed will be 
equally good when unpacked, and even those rotting because not in 
good condition when put away will not injure any others. Take 
fine dry sawdust, preferably that made by a circular saw from well 
seasoned hardwood, and place a thick layer on bottom of a barrel; 
then place a layer of apples not close together, and not close to 
staves of the barrel. Put sawdust liberally all over and proceed 
until a bushel and a half (or less) are so packed in each barrel. 
They are to be kept in a cool place. Some have been kept in an 
open garret, the thermometer for a week ranging close to zero. No 
bruised or mellow apples will be preserved, but they will not com- 
municate rot to their companions. There is money in this applied to 
choice apples. 

I. X. L. Baking Powder Take one pound tartaric acid 

in crystals; one and one-half pounds of bicarbonate of soda and 
one and a half pounds of potato starch. Each must be powdered 
separately, well dried by a slow heat, well mixed through a sieve. 
Pack hard in tinfoil, tin or paper glazed on the outside. The tar- 
taric and bicarbonate of soda can of course be bought cheaper of 
wholesale druggists than you can make them, unless you are doing 
things on a very large scale, but potato starch anyone can make — 
it is only necessary to peel the potatoes and to grate them up fine 
into vessels of water to let them settle ; pour off the water and make 
the settlings in balls and to dry them. With these directions one 
can make as good baking powder as is sold anywhere. If he 
wants to make it very cheap he can take cream of tartar and com- 
mon wash (carbonate) of soda, instead of the articles named in the 
recipe, but this would be advisable only where customers insist on 
excessively low prices in preference to quality of goods. 



40 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

To Make Maple Sugar Without Maple Trees — 

Though the secret revealed may seem very simple, yet there are few 
who would discover it of their own accord. The value of the 
maple crop is considerable, and there is ready sale for all that can 
be made. I was led by curiosity to boil down a little butternut 
sap one time with an equal quantity of maple sap, and the result was 
a sugar which I could not distinguish from pure maple. I experi- 
mented further and found that if a little common (cane) sugar was 
added to the sap of the butternut, it would do as well as an ad- 
dition of maple sap. I found that the sap of birch and several 
other trees would also make, when a very little cane sugar was 
added, a sugar which in looks and taste exactly resembled maple. 
To be able to make "maple" sugar from trees not heretofore deemed 
valuable for the purpose, is just so much clear profit. 

Ginger Wine Water, ten gallons; lump sugar, twenty 

pounds; bruised ginger, eight ounces; three or four eggs. Boil well 
and skim ; then pour hot on six or seven lemons cut in slices, macerate 
for two hours; then rack and ferment; next add spirits, two quarts; 
and afterwards finings, one pint; rummage well. To make the 
color, boil half ounce saleratus and half ounce alum in one pint of 
water till you get a bright red color. 

Cider Without Apples Water, 1 gallon ; common sugar, 

1 pound; tartaric acid, half ounce; yeast, 1 tablespoonful ; shake 
well. Make in the evening and it will be fit to use the next day. 

Ginger Beer Take five and a half gallons water, three- 
quarters pound of ginger root bruised; tartaric acid, half ounce, 
white sugar, two and one-half pounds; whites of three eggs well 
beaten; ten small teaspoonsful of lemon essence; yeast, one gill; 
boil the root for thirty minutes in one gallon of the water; strain 
off and put the essence in while hot; mix, make over night; in the 
morning skim and bottle, keeping out the sediments. 

For Bottling Put in a barrel, five gallons hot water ; thirty 

pounds common sugar; three-quarters pound tartaric acid; twenty- 
five gallons of cold water; three pints of hop or brewers' yeast, 
worked into paste with one pint of water, and one pound flour. 
Let it work in the barrel forty-eight hours, the yeast running out of 
the bung-hole all the time, putting in a little sweetened water oc- 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 41 

casionally to keep it full; then bottle, putting in two or three 
broken raisins to each bottle, and it will nearly equal champagne. 

Cheap Cider Put in a cask five gallons hot water ; fifteen 

pounds brown sugar, one gallon molasses, half gallon hops or brew- 
ers' yeast, good vinegar, six quarts; stir well; add twenty-five gal- 
lons cold water, ferment as the last. 

Another Cider Cold water, twenty gallons; brown sugar, 

fifteen pounds; tartaric acid, half pound; rummage well together 
and add, if you have them, three or four pounds of dried sour 
apples, or boil them and pour in the expressed juice. This cider 
will keep longer than the others. 

Spruce and Ginger Beer Cold water, ten gallons; boil- 
ing water, eleven gallons; mix in a barrel; add molasses, thirty 
pounds, or brown sugar, twenty-four pounds; oil of spruce or any 
oil of which you wish the flavor, one ounce; add one pint yeast; 
ferment; bottle in two or three days. If you wish white spruce 
beer, use lump sugar; for ginger flavor, use seventeen ounces ginger 
root bruised, and a few hops; boil for thirty minutes in three gal- 
lons of the water, strain and mix well; let it stand two hours and 
bottle, using yeast, of course, as before. 

Hop Beer, Very Fine Mix fourteen pounds of molasses 

and eleven gallons of water well together and boil them for two 
hours with six ounces hops ; when quite cool add a cup full of yeast 
and stir it well by a gallon or two at a time. Let it ferment for 
sixteen hours, in a tub covered with a sack, then put it in a nine- 
gallon cask and keep it filled up; bung it down in two days, and 
in seven days it will be fit to drink, and will be stronger than Lon- 
don porter. 

Lemon Beer To make twenty gallons, boil six ounces of 

ginger root bruised, quarter pound cream of tartar, for twenty or 
thirty minutes, in two or three gallons of water; this will be strained 
in thirteen pounds coffee sugar, on which you have put half an ounce 
of oil of lemon, and six good lemons squeezed up together, hav- 
ing warm water enough to make the whole twenty gallons just so 
hot that you can hold your hand in it without burning, or about 
seventy degrees of heat; put in one and a half pints of hops or 



42 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

brewers' yeast, worked into paste with five or six ounces of flour. 
Let it work over night, then strain and bottle for use. 

Hop Beer Hops, six ounces; molasses, five quarts; boil the 

hops till the strength is out, strain them into a thirty-gallon barrel; 
add the molasses and one tea cup full of yeast and fill up with 
water; shake it well, and leave the bung out till fermented, which 
will be in about twenty-four hours. Bung up, and it will be fit 
for use in about three days. 

Molasses Beer Hops, one ounce, and water, one gallon ; 

boil for ten minutes, strain, add molasses, one pound, and when 
luke warm, yeast, one teaspoonful. Ferment. 

Root Beer Water, ten gallons, heat to sixty degrees Fahr- 
enheit; then add three gallons molasses; let it stand two hours; pour 
it into a bowl, add powdered or bruised sassafras and wintergreen 
bark, of each half a pound; yeast, one pint; bruised sarsaparilla 
root, half a pound; add water enough to make twenty-five gallons 
in all. Ferment for twelve hours, then bottle. 

Ottawa Beer and Ginger Ale — Ottawa beer is made 

by using eight ounces of a fluid extract which contains the concen- 
trated strength of four pounds of thirteen different roots and barks, 
added to one gallon of syrup which is mixed with fourteen gallons 
of water, into which carbonate acid gas is forced at a pressure of 
eighty pounds to the square inch. Ginger ale is made in the same 
way, except that four ounces of extract is sufficient. When the 
ginger is really used an extract deprived of resinous impurities is 
made use of, which gives a clear amber color drink. 

Soda Syrups^ — Loaf or crushed sugar, eight pounds; pure 
water, one gallon ; gum-arabic, two ounces ; mix in a brass or cop- 
per kettle. Boil until the gum is dissolved, then skim and strain 
through white flannel, after which add tartaric acid, five and one- 
half ounces; dissolve in hot water; to flavor use extract of orange, 
lemon, vanilla, rose, sarpaparilla, strawberry, etc., half an ounce, 
or to your taste. If you use juice of lemon, add two and a half 
pounds of sugar to a pint — you do not need any tartaric acid with 
it. Now use two teaspoonsful of syrup to three-quarters of a 
tumbler of water, and one-third teaspoonful of super-carbonate of 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 43 

soda, made fine. Drink quickly. For soda fountains, one ounce 
of super-carbonate of soda is used to one gallon of water. For 
charged fountains no acids are needed in the syrup. 

Blackberry Wine Wash the berries and pour one quart 

of boiling water to each gallon. Let the mixture stand for twenty- 
four hours, stirring occasionally; then strain and measure into a 
keg, adding two pounds sugar, and good rye whiskey, one pint, 
or best alcohol, one-half pint to each gallon. Cork tight and put 
away for use. The best wine that can be made. 

Superior Raisin Wine Take thirty pounds of chopped 

raisins free from stems and dust; put them in a large keg, add to 
them ten gallons of soft water; let them stand two weeks unbunged, 
shaking occasionally (warm place in winter) ; then strain through 
woolen, or filter; color with burnt sugar; bottle and cork well for 
use. The more raisins the better the wine, not exceeding five 
pounds to each gallon. 

Raisin Wine Equal to Sherry — Boil the proper quantity 

of water and let it stand till cold. To each gallon of this add four 
pounds of chopped raisins, previously well washed, and freed from 
stalks; let the whole stand for one month, stirring frequently; then 
remove the raisins and bung up closely for one month more; then 
rack into another vessel, leaving all sediment behind, and repeat 
till it becomes fine; then to every ten gallons add six pounds of fine 
sugar and one dozen good oranges, the rinds being pared thin and 
infused in two quarts of brandy, which should be added to the 
liquor at its last racking. Let the whole stand three months in the 
cask, then bottle. It should remain bottled twelve months. To 
give it the flavor of Maderia, when it is in the cask put in a couple 
of green citrons, and let them remain till the wine is bottled . 

American Champagne Good cider (crab apple cider is 

the best), seven gallons; best fourth-proof brandy, one quart; 
genuine champagne wine, five pints; milk, one gallon; bitartrate of 
potassa, two ounces; mix, let stand a short time, bottle while fer- 
menting. An excellent imitation. 

British Champagne Loaf sugar, fifty-six pounds ; brown 

sugar (pale) forty-eight pounds; water (warm), forty-five gallons; 



44 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

white tartar, four ounces; mix, and at a proper temperature add 
yeast, one quart, and afterward sweet cider, five gallons; bruised 
wild cherries, fourteen or fifteen ounces; pale spirits, one gallon; 
orris powder, one-half ounce; bottle while fermenting. 

London Sherry Chopped raisins, four hundred pounds ; 

soft water, one hundred gallons; sugar, forty-five pounds; white tar- 
tar, one pound; cider, sixteen gallons. Let them stand together in 
a close vessel one month; stir frequently. Then add of spirits eight 
gallons; wild cherries bruised, eight pounds. Let them stand one 
month longer and fine with isinglass. 

Ginger Wine Put one ounce of good ginger root bruised 

in one quart ninety-five per cent alcohol; let it stand nine days and 
strain; add four quarts water, and one pound white sugar dissolved 
in hot water; color with tincture of sanders to suit. 

Caramel Caramel is made by boiling clarified sugar till it 

is very brittle, then pouring it on an oiled slab or sheet of tin, and 
as soon as it is cool enough to receive an impression with the 
finger, stamping it in small squares, about an inch in size, with a 
caramel mould; then turn over the mass, wiping the bottom to re- 
move any oil that may have adhered from the slab, and putting it 
in a dry place to harden. If you have no caramel mould, you may 
score it on the slab with a common case knife, after which they are 
glazed with another coat of sugar. Keep them tightly closed from 
the air after they are made. 

Lemon Caramel Made by grating the yellow rind of a 

lemon with a lump of sugar; add to this a few drops of lemon juice, 
with water enough to dissolve the sugar completely, and stir the 
whole into the boiled syrup a few minutes before it is taken from the 
fire. Orange and Lime Caramels are prepared in the same manner 
from these respective fruits. Coffee Caramel: Coffee, two ounces; 
sugar, one pound. Make an infusion of the coffee, using as little 
water as possible; strain it through a cloth and stir it gradually into 
the boiled syrup a few minutes before taking it from the fire. 
Chocolate Caramel: Chocolate, four ounces, sugar, one pound. 
Dissolve the chocolate in as little water as possible, and add it to 
the the boiled sugar, as in the coffee caramels. Vanilla and Orange 






POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 45 

Cream Caramels are made by using the respective essences of these 
fruits. 

Powerful Cement for Broken Marble — Take gum- 
arabic, one pound ; make into a thick mucilage ; add to it powdered 
plaster of Paris, one and a half pounds; sifted quick lime, five 
ounces; mix well; heat the marble and apply the mixture. 

Trappers' and Anglers' Secret for Game and Fish 

— A few drops of oil of anise or oil rhodium, on any trappers' bait, 
will entice any wild animal into the snare trap. India cockle mixed 
with flour dough and sprinkled on the surface of still water will in- 
toxicate fish, rendering them insensible; when coming up to the 
surface they can be lifted into a tub of fresh water to revive them, 
when they may be used without fear. Fish may also be caught in 
large numbers during the winter season by watching them through 
the ice, and striking it directly over where they happen to be. The 
shock stuns them and they will rise, belly upward to the surface, 
when they are easily secured by breaking a hole in the ice. 

To Repair the Silvering of Mirrors — Upon a sheet of 

tinfoil, pour three drachms of quick silver to the square foot of foil. 
Rub smartly with a buckskin cloth until the foil becomes brilliant. 
Lay the glass upon a flat table, face downward; place the foil upon 
the damaged portion of the glass, lay a sheet of paper over the foil, 
and place upon it a block of wood or a piece of marble with a per- 
fectly flat surface ; put upon it sufficient weight to press it down tight ; 
let it remain in this position a few hours. The foil will adhere to 
the glass. 

To Clean Marble Take two parts of common soda ; one 

part pumice stone, and one part finely powdered chalk, sift it 
through a fine sieve and mix it with water; then rub it well all 
over the marble and the stains will be removed; then wash the 
marble over with soap and water, and it will be as clean as it was 
at first. 

For Tooth Ache Take a cotton string and light it. In- 
hale the smoke on the side the tooth aches, and hold the other 
nostril. This will cure it if done in time. 



46 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

For Neuralgia Take a handful of wood ashes ; mix them 

with vinegar and green peach leaves and make a poultice and put 
it on the affected parts. 

Silver Polish Kalsomine Take seven pounds of Paris 

white and a quarter of a pound of light colored glue. Set the glue 
in a tin vessel containing three pints of water, let it stand over 
night to soak, then put it in a kettle of boiling water over the fire, 
stirring till it is well dissolved and quite thin. Then, after putting 
the Paris white into a large water pail, pour on hot water and stir 
till it appears like thick milk. Now mingle the glue liquid with the 
whiting, stir it thoroughly and apply with a whitewash brush or a 
large paint brush. 

Best Wash for Barns and Houses — Water lime, one 

peck; freshly slaked lime, one peck; yellow ochre in powder, four 
pounds; burnt umber, four pounds. To be dissolved in hot water 
and applied with a brush. 

Durable Outside Paint Take two parts (in bulk) of 

water lime, ground fine; one part (in bulk) of white lead, in oil. 
Mix them thoroughly by adding best boiled linseed oil enough to 
prepare it to pass through a paint mill; after which, temper with 
oil till it can be applied with a common paint brush. Make any 
color to suit. It will last three times as long as lead paint. 

Premium Paint Without Oil or Lead — Slake stone- 
lime with boiling water in a tub or barrel to keep in the steam; then 
pass six quarts through a fine sieve. Now to this quantity add one 
quart of coarse salt, and a gallon of water; boil the mixture and 
skim it clear. To every five gallons of this skimmed mixture, add 
one pound alum; one-half pound of copperas, and by slow degrees 
three-quarters of a pound potash and four quarts sifted ashes or fine 
sand ; add any coloring desired. A more durable paint was never 
made. 

Paris Green Take unslaked lime of the best quality, slake 

it with hot water; then take the finest part of the powder and add 
alum water as strong as it can be made, sufficient to form a thick 
paste; then color it with bichromate of potash and sulphate of cop- 
per until the color suits your fancy, and dry it for use. N. B. — 






POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 47 

The sulphate of copper gives a blue tinge; the birhromate of potash 
a yellow. Observe this, and you will get it right. 

To Harden Whitewash To one-half pail of common 

whitewash add one-half pint of flour. Pour on boiling water in 
quantity to thicken it. Then add six gallons of the lime water, and 
stir well. 

Whitewash That Will Not Rub Off— Mix up half a 

pail of lime and water, ready to put on the wall; then take one- 
quarter pint of flour, mix it up with water; then pour on it boiling 
water, a sufficient quantity to thicken it; then pour it while hot into 
the whitewash, stir it all together, and it is ready for use. 

Farmers Paint Farmers will find the following profitable 

for house or fence paint: Skim milk, two quarts; fresh slaked lime, 
eight ounces; linseed oil, six ounces, white Burgundy pitch, two 
ounces; Spanish white, three pounds. The lime is to be slaked in 
water, exposed to the air, and then mixed with about one-fourth of 
the milk; the oil in which the pitch is dissolved to be added a little 
at a time, then the rest of the milk, and afterwards the Spanish 
white. This is sufficient for twenty-seven yards, two coats. This 
is for white paint. If desirable any other color may be produced; 
thus, if a cream color is desired, in place of the part of Spanish 
white, use the other alone. 

Beautiful Green Paint for Walls — Take four pounds 

Roman vitriol and pour on it a teakettle full of boiling water. 
When dissolved add two pounds pearlish, and stir the mixture well 
with a stick until the effervescence ceases; then add one-quarter 
pound pulverized yellow arsenic and stir the whole together. Lay 
on with the paint brush, and if the wall has not been painted before, 
two or even three coats will be required. If a pea green is required, 
put in less, if an apple green, more of the yellow arsenic. This 
paint does not cost the quarter of oil paint, and looks better. 

Blue Color for Ceilings, Etc. — Boil slowly for 3 hours 
one pound vitriol, (blue), and one-half pound of best whiting in 
about three quarts water; stir it frequently while boiling, and also 
on taking it off the fire. When it has stood till quite cold, pour 
off the blue liquid, then mix the cake of color with good size, and 



48 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

use it with a plasterers' brush in the same manner as whitewash, 
either for walls or ceilings. 

To Solder Tortoise Shell Bring the edges of the pieces 

of shell to fit each other, observing to give the same inclination of 
grain to each ; then secure them in a piece of paper and place them 
between hot irons or pincers; apply pressure and let them cool. 
The heat must not be so great as to burn the shell, therefore try it 
first on a piece of white paper. 

Artificial Gold This is a new metallic alloy which is now 

very extensively used in France as a substitute for gold. Pure 
copper, one hundred parts; zinc, or preferably, tin, seventeen parts; 
magnesia, six parts; sal-ammoniac, three-sixth parts; quick lime, one- 
eighth part; tartar of commerce, nine parts; or mixed as follows: 
This copper is first melted and the magnesia, sal-ammoniac, lime 
and tartar are then added separately, and by degrees, in the form 
of powder. The whole is now briskly stirred for about half an 
hour, so as to mix thoroughly, and when the zinc is added in small 
grains by throwing it on the surface and stirring until it is entirely 
fused; the crucible is then covered, and the fusion maintained for 
about thirty-five minutes. The surface is then skimmed, and the 
alloy is ready for casting. It has a fine grain, is malleable, and 
takes a splendid polish. It does not corrode readily, and for many 
purposes is an excellent substitute for gold. When tarnished, its 
brilliancy can be restored by a little acidulated water. If tin be 
employed instead of zinc, the alloy will be more brilliant. It is very 
much used in France, and must ultimately attain equal popularity 
here. 

To Take a Plaster Cast from a Person's Face — 

The person must lie on his back and his hair be tied behind; into 
each nostril put a conical piece of paper, open at each end, to allow 
of breathing. The face is to be lightly oiled over, and the plaster, 
being properly prepared, is to be poured over the face, taking par- 
ticular care that the eyes are shut, till it is a quarter of an inch 
thick. In a few minutes the plaster may be removed. In this a 
mould is to be formed, from which a second cast is to be taken, 
that will furnish casts exactly like the original. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 49 

Nickel Plating This improvement consists of the use of 

three new solutions from which to deposit nickel by the electric cur- 
rent. 1 . A solution formed of the double sulphate of nickel and 
alumina, or the sulphate of nickel dissolved in a solution of soda, 
potash, or alumina alum, the three different kinds of commercial 
alum. 2. A solution formed of the double sulphate of nickel and 
magnesia, with or without an excess of ammonia. A good coat- 
ing of nickel can be deposited from the solution before mentioned, 
provided they are prepared and used in such a manner as to be 
free from any acid or alkaline reaction. When these solutions are 
used, great care must be taken, lest by the use of too high battery 
power, or from the introduction of some foreign matters, the solu- 
tion becomes acid or alkaline. It is preferred to use these solutions 
at a temperature above one hundred degrees Fahrenheit, but do not 
limit this invention to the use of these solutions at that temperature. 
It is, therefore, claimed, 1 . The electro deposition of nickel by 
means of the solution of the double sulphate of nickel and alumina, 
prepared and used in such a manner, as to be free from the presence 
of ammonia, potash, soda, lime or from any other acid, or from 
any acid or alkaline reaction. 2. The electro deposition of 
nickel by means of the solution of the double sulphate of 
nickel and potash, prepared and used in such a manner as to be 
free from the presence of ammonia, soda, alumina, lime or nitric 
acid, or from any acid or alkaline reaction. 3. The electro deposi- 
tion of nickel by means of a solution of the double sulphate of nickel 
and magnesia, prepared and used in such a manner as to be free 
from the presence of potash, soda, alumina, lime or nitric acid, or 
from any acid or alkaline reaction. 

Silver Plating Fluid — - Dissolve one ounce nitrate of silver, 
in crystals, in twelve ounces of soft water; then dissolve in the 
water two ounces cynauret of potash ; shake the whole together and 
let it stand until it becomes clear. Have ready some half-ounce 
phials, and fill half full of Paris white, or fine whiting; and then 
fill up the bottles with the liquor, and it is ready for use. The 
whiting does not increase the coating powder; it only helps to clean 
the articles, and save the silver fluid, by half filling the bottles. 

To Make Silver Solution for Electro-Plating — 

Put together into a glass one ounce good silver, made thin and cut 



50 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

into strips ; two ounces best nitric acid, and one-half ounce pure rain 
water. If solution does not begin at once, add a little more water 
— continue to add a very little at a time until it does. In the event 
it starts off well, but stops before the silver is fully dissolved, you 
may generally start it up again all right by adding a little more 
water. When solution is entirely effected, add one quart of warm 
rain water and a large tablespoonful of salt. Shake well and let 
settle, then pour off and wash through other waters as in the case 
of the gold preparation. When no longer acid to the taste, put in 
an ounce and an eighth cynauret potassa and a quart pure rain 
water ; after standing about twenty-four hours it will be ready for 
use. 

Cement for Petroleum Lamps — Boil three parts resin 

with one quart of caustic soda and five of water. The composition 
is then mixed with half its weight of plaster of Paris, and sets firmly 
in one-half to three-quarters of an honr. It is of great adhesive 
power, not permeable to petroleum, a low conductor of heat and 
but superficially attacked by hot water. 

To Make and Apply Gold-Plating Powder — 

Prepare a chloride of gold the same as for plating with a battery. 
Add to it, when thoroughly washed out, cyanuret potassa in a pro- 
portion of two ounces to five pennyweights of gold. Pour in a 
pint of clear rain water, shake up well, and then let stand till the 
chloride is dissolved. Add then one pound of prepared Spanish 
whiting and then let it evaporate in the open air till dry, after which 
put away in a tight vessel for use. To apply it you prepare the 
article in the usual way, and having made the powder into a paste 
with water, rub it upon the surface with a piece of chamois skin and 
cotton flannel. An old mode of making a gold-plating powder was 
to dip clean linen rags into solution prepared as in the second 
article proceeding this, and having dried, to fire and burn them 
into ashes. The ashes formed the powder, and were to be applied 
as above. 

To Make Gold Solution for Electro-Plating — 

Dissolve five pennyweights gold coin, five grains pure copper and 
four grains pure silver in three ounces nitro-muriatic acid, which is 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 51 

simply two parts muriatic acid and one part nitric acid. The silver 
will not be taken into solution as are the other two metals, but will 
gather at the bottom of the vessel. Add one ounce pulverized 
sulphate of iron, one-half ounce purverized borax, twenty-five grains 
pure table salt, and one quart hot rain water. Upon this the gold 
and copper will be thrown to the bottom of the vessel with the 
silver. Let stand till fully settled, then pour off the liquor very care- 
fully, and refill with boiling rain water as before. Continue to re- 
peat this operation until the precipitate is thoroughly washed; or, 
in other words, fill up, let settle, and pour off so long as the ac- 
cumulation at the bottom of the vessel is acid to the taste. You 
now have about an eighteen carat chloride of gold. Add to it an 
ounce and an eighth of cyanuret potassa, and one quart rain water 
— the latter heated to the boiling point. Shake up well, then let 
stand about twenty-four hours, and it will be ready for use. Some 
use platina as an alloy instead of silver, under the impression that 
plating done with it is harder. There is not much difference in 
using either. Solution for a darker colored plate to imitate Guinea 
gold may be made by adding to the above one ounce dragon's blood 
and five grains iodide of iron. If you desire an alloyed plate, 
proceed as first directed, without the silver or copper, and with an 
ounce of sulphuret potassa in place of the iron, borax and salt. 

To Wash Silverware Never use a particle of soap on 

your silverware, as it dulls the lustre, giving the article more the 
appearance of pewter than silver. When it wants cleaning, rub 
it with a piece of soft leather and prepared chalk, the latter made 
into a kind of paste with pure water, for the reason that water not 
pure might contain gritty particles. 

Best Cement for Aquaria One part, by measure, say a 

gill of litharge; one gill of plaster of Paris; one gill of dry white 
sand; one-third of a gill of finely powdered resin. Sift, and keep 
corked tight until required for use, when it is to be made into a 
putty by mixing in boiled oil (linseed) with a little patent drier 
added. Never use it after it has been mixed (that is, with the 
oil) over fifteen hours. This cement can be used for marine as 
well as fresh water aquaria, as it resists the action of salt water. 
The tank can be used immediately, but it is best to give it three 
or four hours to dry. 



52 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

French Putty Seven pounds linseed oil and four pounds 

brown umber are boiled for two hours, and sixty-two grammes wax 
stirred in. After removal from the fire five and a half pounds fine 
chalk and eleven pounds white lead are added and thoroughly in- 
corporated. Said to be very hard and permanent. 

Glue for Labeling on Metals — Boiling water, one 

quart; pulverized borax, two ounces; gum shellac, four ounces. 
Boil till dissolved. Used for attaching labels to metals, or it will 
do to write inscriptions with, and dust or dab on a little bronze 
powder over it, varnishing over the bronze. 

Fire and Waterproof Glue — Mix a handful of quick- 
lime with four ounces of linseed oil; thoroughly lixiviate the mix- 
ture; boil it to a good thickness, and spread it on thin plates in 
the shade. It will become very hard, but can be dissolved over a 
fire, like common glue, and is then fit for use. 

Prepared Liquid Glue Take of best white glue, sixteen 

ounces; white lead, dry, four ounces; rain water, two pints; alcohol, 
four ounces. With constant stirring dissolve the lead and glue in 
the water, by means of a water bath. Add the alcohol and con- 
tinue the heat for a few minutes. Lastly, pour into bottles while it 
is still hot. 

To Make Iron Take a Bright Polish Like Steel — 

Pulverize and dissolve the following articles in one quarrt of hot 
water; blue vitriol, one ounce; borax, one ounce; prussiate of pot- 
ash, one ounce; charcoal, one ounce; salt, one-half pint; then add 
one gallon of linseed oil, mix well, bring your iron or steel to the 
proper heat and cool in the solution. 

Hardening and Filling for Fireproof Safes — 

Experience has shown that the fire and burglar-proof diamond chill 
for iron and steel has no superior as a hardening for security in the 
construction of safes; and as a non-conductor of heat, it is recom- 
mended a filling of plaster of Paris or alum. It is claimed by some 
that a mixture of both of these articles forms the best known fill- 
ings for safes, as an external application of heat is certain to liber- 
ate a large quantity- of water which is transformed into steam, 
thus insuring entire safetv to the contents of the safe. Most 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 53 

manufacturers employ a concrete filling for safes, and extol it very 
highly. It was reported that a Boston gas and steam fitter had 
applied for protection in the matter of a discovery by which he 
claims that he can fully protect a safe against a double-blast fur- 
nace heat, by means of an outside lining of bricks composed of 
asbestos and kaolin, a very small portion of the latter material being 
used. From the well known incumbustible nature of these mater- 
ials, there can be no reasonable doubt that the claim in question is 
a just one. 

To Write in Silver Mix one ounce of the finest pewter 

or block tin, and. two ounces of quick silver together, till both 
become fluid; then grind it with gum water, and write with it. 
The writing will then look as if done with silver. 

Printers' Rollers No. 1 : Black composition, very du- 
rable and elastic. Genuine Irish or Buffalo glue, ten and a half 
'pounds; black sugar cane or best maple molasses, one gallon; 
purified India rubber shavings, one pound ; Carolina tar, two ounces ; 
glycerine, twelve ounces; strong vinegar, four ounces. Soak the 
glue over night and drain in the morning by means of a covered 
colander. Boil molasses and skim for twenty minutes. Add the 
rubber shavings and stir until it combines with the molasses, add the 
glue and boil six or seven minutes and pour. If purified rubber 
cannot be procured, add one and one-half pounds more glue and 
four ounces more glycerine. No. 2 : Glue, two pounds ; Baeder's 
glue, two pounds; best sugar-house molasses, one gallon; glycerine, 
one-half pint. For winter use, reduce each glue one-fourth to 
three-eights of a pound. Soak the glues wrapped up separately 
in woolen cloths about three hours. Boil the molasses about forty- 
five or fifty minutes, skimming thoroughly. Then add the glues 
drained of superfluous water. Boil the whole for fifteen or twenty 
minutes, add the glycerine, boil and stir three to five minutes, 
then pour off. No. 3: Strong middle weather rollers; temperature 
sixty to seventy degrees Fahr. Cooper's best glue, eight and one- 
half pounds; extra syrup, two gallons; glycerine, one pint; Vernice 
turpentine, two ounces. Steep the glue in rain water till pliant 
and drain it well. Then melt it over a moderate fire, but do not 
"cook it." This will take from fifteen to twenty-five minutes. 



54 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Next put in the syrup, and boil three-quarters of an hour, stirring it 
occasionally, and skimming off impurities rising to the surface. Add 
the glycerine and turpentine a few minutes before removing it from 
the fire, and pour slowly. Slightly reduce or increase the glue as 
the weather becomes colder or warmer. 

Liquid Black Lead Polish — Black lead, pulverized, one 
pound; turpentine, one gill; water, one gill; sugar, one ounce. 

Glue to Resist Moisture Glue, five parts; resin, four 

parts; red ochre, two parts; mix with smallest possible quantity of 
water. 

To Transfer Prints, Etc. Take of gum sandarac four 

ounces; mastic, one ounce; Venice turpentine, one ounce; alcohol, 
fifteen ounces. Digest in a bottle, shaking frequently, and it is 
ready for use. Directions: Use, if possible, good plate glass of 
the size of the picture to be transferred; go over it with the 
above varnish, beginning at one side, press down the picture firmly 
and evenly as you proceed, so that no air can possibly lodge be- 
tween; put aside and let dry perfectly, then moisten the paper 
cautiously with water and remove it piecemeal by rubbing carefully 
with the fingers. If managed nicely a complete transfer of the 
picture to the glass will be effected. 

Instructions for Chinese Chrono-type — Improved 

Photo-Chromatic Oil Painting: This painting is done on common 
window glass, which must be cleaned thoroughly before using. 
The best way to clean glass is to dampen it with spirits of wine 
and polish with a piece of dry silk. Then take the picture that 
you wish to copy, and cut off the waste paper till you leave about 
an inch margin all around it, and then cut your glass to the exact 
size of the picture. Seeing that your glass is clear, apply a coat 
of Chinese varnish on one side, laying it on evenly and thick. Lay 
it away where it will be free from dust till it dries, which usually 
takes about six hours. If it is placed in the sun or near the fire, it 
will dry much quicker. When ready to finish the picture, take the 
paint or whatever it may be, and immerse it in the solution of color, 
face up, till it becomes thoroughly wet; then take it out and lay it 
on a sheet of paper, face up, in order that the face of the picture 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 55 

may dry and leave the other side damp. While your picture is 
drying, which usually takes from two to three minutes, according 
to the thickness of it, give the glass another coat of varnish on the 
same side. When the picture is dry, lay it on the glass, face down, 
and press it firmly so as to exclude all air. If there is any left, it 
will show itself in white spots on the glass, and must be pressed out. 
Let it remain about five minutes, then take a dry cloth and rub 
away the back of the picture till you can see the outlines evenly and 
distinctly. After you have rubbed it to suit, give it a coat of 
Finishing Varnish and let it dry. When dry smooth it off with a 
piece of fine sand paper, then give it another coat of finishing var- 
nish, let it dry, and place a piece of paper, any color you choose, 
on the back, and it is ready for framing. You may use warm 
water in place of the solution of color, but you must rub it off 
immediately. If you are unable to procure the fir balsam, any 
transparent varnish will do instead. The articles to be used are 
a flat camel's hair brush, about an inch wide, the Chinese varnish 
compound of fir balsam, two ounces; spirits turpentine, one ounce; 
mix well. Finishing varnish: fir balsam, spirits turpentine, spirits 
of wine, each one ounce ; and solution for fixing the color : vinegar, 
four tablespoonsful, and water, one quart. The above recipe has 
been extensively sold for $5.00, at which price one person alone is 
said to have cleared about seven thousand dollars on its sale. 

American Commercial Ink — Take one-quarter pound 

extract of logwood, one gallon soft, clean water; heat it to the boil- 
ing point in a perfectly clean iron kettle; skim well; stir; then add 
ninety grains of bichromate of potash; fifteen grains prussiate of 
potash, dissolved in half a pint of hot water. Stir for three 
minutes; take off and strain. 

Artificial Honey Take ten pounds good white (brown) 

sugar, three pounds soft water, two and one-half pounds bee 
bread honey, forty grains cream of tartar, twelve drops oil of pep- 
permit, three ounces gum-arabic, one drop attar of rose; put them 
into a brass or copper kettle, and boil them for five minutes; then 
take two teaspoonsful of slippery pulverized elm and mix with one 
pound of water; then strain it and mix it into the kettle; take it 
off and beat up the white of two eggs, and stir them in; let it stand 



56 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

for two minutes, then skim it well, and when nearly cold add one 
pound pure bee's honey, and so on for larger quantities. 

Stoughton Bitters Three-fourths of an ounce Peruvian 

bark, one ounce wild cherry bark, two ounces genitan root bruised, 
one ounce dried orange peel, one ounce cardamon seeds bruised; 
keep in a gallon of spirits two or three weeks. Extensively sold 
for cocktails. Cures dyspepsia, etc. 

Fancy Soap Dissolve two ounces of Venice soap in two 

ounces of lemon juice; add one ounce of almonds and one ounce 
oil of tartar; mix and stir it till it has acquired the consistency of 
honey. 

Magnetic Ointment Elder bark, spikenard and yellow 

dock roots, of each one pound; boil in two gallons of water down 
to one; then press the strength out of the roots, and boil the liquid 
down to half a gallon; add eight pounds of the best resin, one 
pound of beeswax, and tallow enough to soften. Roll into rolls, 
and apply by warming and spreading on linen. 

Ice Cream Have rich, sweet cream, and one-half pound 

of loaf sugar to each quart of cream or milk. If you cannot get 
cream the best imitation is to boil a soft custard, six eggs to a quart 
of milk (eggs well beaten.) Or another is made as follows: Boil 
one quart of milk, and stir into it while boiling one tablespoonful of 
arrow root wet with cold milk; when cold stir into it the yolk of 
one egg to give it a rich color. Five minutes boiling is enough 
for each plan. Put the sugar in after they cool. Keep the same 
proportion for any amount desired. Or thus: To six quarts milk 
add one-half pound Oswego corn starch, first dissolved. Put the 
starch in one quart of the milk; then mix together and simmer a 
little (not boil) ; sweeten and flavor to your taste — excellent. The 
juice of strawberries or raspberries gives a beautiful color and flavor 
to the ice cream; or about one-half ounce essence of extract to one 
gallon, or to suit the taste. Have your ice well broken — one quart 
salt to a bucket of ice. About one-half hour's constant stirring, 
with occasional scraping down and beating together, will freeze it. 

Rubber Hand Stamps — Set up the desired name and ad- 
dress in common type, oil the type and place a guard about one- 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 57 

half inch around the form; now mix plaster of Paris to the proper 
consistency, pour in and allow it to set. Have your vulcanized 
rubber all ready, as made in long strips three inches wide and one- 
eighth of an inch thick; cut off the size of the intended stamp, re- 
move the plaster cast from the type and place both the cast and the 
rubber in a screw press, applying sufficient heat to thoroughly soften 
the rubber; then turn down the screw hard, and let it remain until 
the rubber receives the exact impression of the cast and becomes 
cold, when it is removed, neatly trimmed with a sharp knife and 
cemented to the handle ready for use. 

Approved Friction Matches — About the best known 

preparation for friction matches is gum-arabic, sixteen parts by 
weight; phosphorous, nine parts; nitre, fourteen parts; peroxide of 
manganese, in powder, sixteen parts. The gum is first made into 
a muscilage with water, then the manganese, then the phosphorous, 
and the whole is heated to about 1 30° Fahr. When the phos- 
phorous is melted, the nitre is added, and the whole is thoroughly 
stirred until the mass is a uniform paste. The wooden matches 
prepared first with sulphur are dipped in this and afterward dried in 
the air. Friction papers, for carrying in the packet, may be made 
in the same manner, and by adding benzoin to the muscilage they 
will have an agreeable odor when ignited. 

To Make and Apply Gold-Plating Solution — 

Dissolve one-half ounce of gold amalgum in one ounce of nitro- 
muriatic acid. Add two ounces of alcohol ,and then having 
brightened the article in the usual way, apply the solution with a 
soft brush. Rinse, and dry in sawdust, or with tissue paper, and 
polish up with chamois skin. 

Lavender Perfumed Water — Two ounces oil of garden 

lavender, one drachm essence ambergris, six drachms oil of berga- 
mot. Mix with two quarts and a pint of proof spirits. 

Florida Water Half pint proof spirits, two drachms oil 

lemon, half drachm oil of rosemary. Mix. 

Almond Soap Best white tallow soap, fifty pounds; es- 
sence of bitter almonds, twenty ounces; melt by the aid of a steam 
or water bath. 



58 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Cheap Waterproof Glue Melt common glue with the 

smallest possible quantity of water; add, by degrees, linseed oil, 
rendered drying by boiling it with litharge. While the oil is being 
added the ingredients must be well stirred, to incorporate them 
thoroughly. 

Buffalo Oil Take the best lard oil and perfume it well 

with equal parts oil garden lavender and oil lemon. 

Macassar Oil Olive oil, one pound; oil origanum, one 

drachm; oil rosemary, one scruple. Mix. 

To Clear and Fine Liquors — After all the articles used 

to prepare any kind of liquor are put in, and they do not become 
perfectly clear, you will draw into a barrel which has but one 
head or bottom in it, with a faucet near the bottom, and sift into 
each from one to two ounces pulverized lime, which will cause every 
impurity to settle, when it can be drawn again and returned to 
clean barrels or bottles as desired. White wines are generally 
fined by isinglass in the proportion of one and one-half ounces 
(dissolved in one and one-half pints of water and thinned with 
some of the wine) to the hogshead. Red wines are generally fined 
with the whites of eggs, in the proportion of twelve to eighteeen to 
each pipe; they must be well beaten to a froth, with about one pint 
of water, and afterward mixed with a little of the wine before 
adding to the liquor. Rummage well. 

Where spirits are mentioned, it signifies high wines rectified and 
reduced to hydrometer proof. Proof spirits signifies the same thing. 
Common whiskey is much below this proof, but a good substitute 
may be produced from rectified whiskey by depriving it of its 
taste and odor, by means of a process which renders it suitable for 
use. The whiskey should be of proper strength, and treated as 
follows (this process destroys the fusil oil, and percipitates the 
verdigris to the bottom) : To forty gallons whiskey add one and 
one-half pounds unslaked lime, three-fourths of a pound powdereed 
alum, and one-half pint spirits of nitre; stir well, and let stand for 
twenty-four hours. Then draw off into another cask, avoiding the 
sediment. It is then fit for use. All oils used must be cut in 90% 
alcohol, using one quart alcohol to two ounces oil, and should 
stand twenty-four hours before using. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 59 

Coloring for Liquor Take one-half pound white sugar, 

put it into an iron kettle, moisten a little, let it boil and burn to a 
red, thick and black; remove from the fire and put in a little hot 
water to prevent it hardening as it cools. Use this to color any 
liquors needing color, to your taste, or as near the color of the 
liquor you imitate as you can. Tincture kino is a good color and 
one ounce gum to one pint alcohol makes the tincture. 

Blackberry Brandy Take ten gallons of brandy, and use 

five quarts nice rich blackberries mashed; macerate the berries in 
the liquor for ten days; then strain off and add one ounce sugar to 
each gallon. If strawberries are used, work the same proportions 
with only half the quantity of sugar. 

Jamaica Rum Pure spirits, one gallon; one quart of the 

kind of rum you wish to imitate; one-eighth ounce oil of caraway — 
is enough for six gallons. Color to suit. 

Holland Gin To one hundred gallons of rectified spirits 

add (atfer you have cut the oils well) one and one-half ounces of 
the oil of juniper (English), one-half ounce of angelica 
essence, one-half ounce of the oil of coriander, and one-half ounce 
oil caraway; put this into the rectified spirit and rummage well. 
This is strong gin. To make this up as it is called by the trade, 
add forty-five pounds* of loaf sugar dissolved; then rummage the 
whole well together with four ounces roche alum. For finings, 
add four ounces salts of tartar. 

Holland Gin No. 2 To forty gallons proof or neutral 

spirits add spirits of nitre, three ounces; loaf sugar, four pounds; 
oil of juniper, one ounce ; oil caraway, one-eighth ounce. The last 
two to be cut in one quart alcohol. Stand twenty-four hours. 

Cognac Brandy To every ten gallons of pure spirits add 

two quarts of New England rum, or one quart Jamaica rum, and 
from thirty to forty drops of oil cognac, cut in one-half pint alcohol, 
and color with burnt sugar to suit. 

Cherry Brandy To every ten gallons of brandy made 

by the recipe for French brandy add three quarts of wild black 
cherries, stones and all, bruised; crushed sugar, two pounds. Let 



60 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

it stand for one week, then draw or rack it off as it is wanted for 
use. Do not use the bitter almond oil in any case, as it is the 
rankest poison. 

Cherry Brandy Good whiskey, ten gallons; wild cherries, 

black, five quarts, well bruised with stones broken ; common almonds 
(shelled), one pound; white sugar, cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg, 
well bruised, of each one-half ounce. Mix, and let stand twelve 
days and draw off. This, with the addition of two gallons brandy, 
makes the most superior cherry brandy. 

Milk Punch Yellow rinds of two dozen lemons, steep 

two days in two quarts brandy, add spirits, three quarts; hot water, 
two quarts; lemon juice, one quart; loaf sugar, four pounds; boiling 
milk two quarts; two nutmegs grated; mix and in two hours strain 
through wool. 

Rum Shrub Tartaric acid, five pounds; pale sugar, one 

hundred pounds; oil lemon, four drachms; oil orange, five drachms; 
put them into a large cask (eighty gallons) and add water, ten 
gallons. Rummage till the acid and sugar are dissolved, then add 
rum (proof), twenty gallons, water to make up fifty-five gallons in 
all, coloring, one quart more. Fine with twelve eggs. The ad- 
dition of twelve sliced oranges will improve the flavor. 

Punch Water, three gallons; tartaric acid, four ounces, or 

to taste; lump sugar to sweeten, brandy, three pints; rum, three 
pints. The peels of three lemons grated, essence of lemon to flavor, 
rub the essence with a little lump sugar in a mortar, adding a little 
of the spirit. 

Rum Shrub No. 2 Lemon juice, one pint; white sugar, 

two pounds; rum, three pints; water, four quarts; mix and color. 
Ready for use. 

Ginger Wine for Bar Purposes — Put one ounce good 

ginger root bruised in one quart 95% alcohol; let it stand nine days, 
and strain; add four quarts water, and one pound white sugar dis- 
solved in hot water; color with tincture of sanders to suit. 

Ginger Wine for Family Use — Twenty pounds of lump 

sugar; ten gallons Water; bruised ginger, eight ounces; three or four 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 61 

eggs. Boil well and skim, then pour hot on six or seven lemons cut 
in slices, macerate for two hours, then rack and ferment; next add 
spirit, two quarts, and afterward finings, one pint. Rummage 
well. 

Stomach Bitters Gentian root, six ounces; orange peel, 

ten ounces; cinnamon, one ounce; anise seed, two ounces; coriander 
seed, two ounces; cardamon seed, one-half ounce; Peruvian bark 
unground, two ounces; bruise all the articles and add one ounce 
gum kino; put in two quarts alochol and two quarts pure spirit, or 
good whiskey may be used instead of pure spirit ; shake occasionally 
for ten days, and filter through three thicknesses of woolen; then 
one-half pint of this may be added to a gallon of whiskey, more 
or less as desired. 

Peppermint Cordial Good whiskey, ten gallons; water, 

ten gallons; white sugar, ten pounds; oil peppermint, one ounce, in 
one pint alcohol, one pound flour well worked in with the fluid; 
one-half pound burnt sugar to color. Mix, and let it stand one 
week before using. Other oil in place of pepperment, and you have 
any flavor desired. 

Sangaree Wine, ale or porter, one-third to two-thirds 

water, hot or cold according to the season of the year; loaf sugar 
to the taste, with nutmeg. 

Currant and Other Fruit Wine — To every gallon of 

expressed juice add two gallons soft water, six pounds brown sugar, 
one and one-half ounces cream tartar and one quart brandy to every 
six gallons. Some prefer it without brandy. After fermentation, 
take four ounces isinglass dissolved in one pint of the wine, and 
put to each barrel, which will fine and clear it, when it must be 
drawn into clean casks or bottled, which is preferable. 

Pale Brandy — Is made the same as the recipe for Black- 
berry and Strawberry wine following, using pale instead of the 
French, and using only one ounce tincture of kino for every five 
gallons. 

Blackberry and Strawberry Wine — These are made 

by taking the currant and other fruit wine when made with port 



62 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

wine, and for every ten gallons from four to six quarts of the fresh 
fruit bruised and strained are added, and let stand four days, till 
the flavor is extracted. When bottling add three or four broken 
raisins to each bottle. 

Morella Wine To each quart of the expressed juice of 

the Morella, or tame cherries, add three quarts of water and four 
pounds of coarse brown sugar ; let them ferment and skim till worked 
clear, then draw off, avoiding the sediment at the bottom. Bung 
up or bottle, which is best for all wines, letting the bottle lie always 
on the side, either for wines or beer. 

London Sherry Chopped raisins, four hundred pounds; 

soft water, one hundred gallons; sugar, forty-five pounds; white tar- 
tar, one pound; cider, sixteen gallons. Let them stand together in 
a close vessel one month — stir frequently. Then add of spirit 
eight gallons; wild cherries, bruised, eight pounds. Let them 
stand one month longer, and fine with isinglass. 

Port Wine Worked cider, forty-two gallons ; good port 

wine, twelve gallons; good brandy, three gallons; pure spirits, six 
gallons; mix. Elderberries and aloes, and the fruit of the black 
haw make a fine purple color for wines, or use burnt sugar. 

Scotch and Irish Whiskey — To forty gallons of pure 

spirit add five gallons Scotch or Irish whiskey; creosote, one-quarter 
ounce, dissolve in one quart of alcohol ; loaf sugar, one pound ; stand 
ten days. 

Note. — The peculiar flavor, of Scotch whiskey may be nicely 
imitated by adding a few drops of pure creosote dissolved in a 
little acetic acid, to two or three gallons of good London Gin; 
and the imitation will be still more perfect if the liquor is kept some 
months before drinking it. 

Various Wines To twenty-eight gallons clarified cider 

add one gallon good brandy; crude tartar (this is what is deposited 
by grape wines) ; one pound of any kind of wine you wish to 
imitate; sweet milk to settle it, one pint; draw off thirty-six hours 
after thoroughly mixing. 

Common Brandy — To forty gallons pure or neutral spir- 






POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 63 

its, add one pound crude tartar, dissolved in one gallon hot water; 
acetic ether, one-quarter pint; bruised raisins, six pounds; tincture 
kino, two ounces; sugar, three pounds; color with sugar coloring; 
stand fourteen days and draw off. 

French Brandy Pure spirit, one gallon ; best French 

brandy, or any you wish to imitate, one quart; loaf sugar, two 
ounces ; sweet spirits of nitre, one-half ounce ; a few drops of tincture 
catechu or oak bark to roughen the taste if desired, and color to 
suit. 

Monongahela Whiskey Thirty-six gallons of common 

whiskey; dried peaches, two quarts; rye, burnt and ground as 
coffee, one quart; cinnamon, cloves, allspice, bruised, one ounce 
each ; loaf sugar, five pounds ; sweet spirits of nitre, two ounces ; 
put these in four gallons pure spirits; shake every day for a week, 
then draw off and add the whole to thirty-six gallons of whiskey. 

Drogheda Usquebaugh— To one gallon of brandy add 
stoned raisins, one pound; cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg and carda- 
moms, each one ounce, crushed in a mortar; saffron, one-half 
ounce; rind of one orange and sugar candy. Shake these well; 
in fourteen days afterwards, fine for use. 

Champagne Cider Good pale cider, one hogshead ; spir- 
its, three gallons; sugar, twenty pounds; mix and let it stand two 
weeks; then fine with skimmed milk, one-half gallon; this will be 
very pale, and a similar article, when properly bottled and labeled, 
opens so brisk that even good druggists have mistaken it for genuine 
champagne. 

Superior Raisin Wine Take thirty pounds of chopped 

raisins, free from stems and dust, put them in a large keg, and add 
ten gallons soft water; let them stand two weeks unbunged, shak- 
ing occasionally (warm place in winter) ; then strain through woolen 
or filter; color with burnt sugar, bottle and cork well for use. For 
bar use, add a pint of good brandy to each gallon. The more raisins 
the better the wine — not exceeding five pounds to each gallon. 

Old Bourbon Whiskey To forty gallons spirits add five 

gallons good Bourbon whiskey; spirits of nitre, two ounces; fusil 



64 POPE'5 ENCYCLOPEDIA 

oil from corn, two ounces; put in one quart alcohol; stand four 
days. 

Peppermint Cordial One gallon essence of peppermint, 

twenty gallons spirits, twenty-five gallons water, five gallons gomme 
syrup. The cost can be regulated by adding water. Sells well. 

CId Rye Take dried peaches, one-half peck; bake, scorch 

and roast them in a stove, but don't burn; bruise and put them in 
a woolen pointed bag, and leach good common whiskey over them 
twice, slowly — this is for one barrel — add afterwards, twelve drops 
aqua ammonia to each barrel. \\ ith age you will have whiskey 
equal to "Old Rye." 

Table Manna Or. Prize Honey Without Bees' Honey— 

\\ hite sugar, five pounds; water, one and one-half pounds; simmer 
gradually over the fire and add one-half ounce alum in powder; 
skim off the scum, if any: set off to cool, adding a small quantity of 
the following extracts to flavor to suit the taste : Extract for flavor- 
ing honey — alcohol one part, good Jamaica ginger two ounces, 
macerate for ten days, adding two or three drops of attar of roses to 
scent. Frangipanni — spirit one gallon, oil of bergamot one ounce, 
oil of lemon one ounce, macerate four days, frequently shaking, then 
add water one gallon, orange-flower water one pint, essence vanilla 
two ounces; mix. Jockey Club — Spirits of wine five gallons, 
orange-flower water one gallon, balsam Peru four ounces, essence 
of bergamot eight ounces, essence of musk eight ounces, essence of 
cloves four ounces, essence of neroh two ounces; mix. Ladies* 
Own — Spirits of wine, one gallon; attar of roses, twenty drops; es- 
sence thyme one-half ounce, essence neroli one-quarter ounce, es- 
sence vanilla, one-half ounce, essence bergamot one-quarter ounce, 
orange-flower water six ounces. Kiss-Me-Quick — Spirits one gal- 
lon, essence thyme one-quarter ounce, essence orange-flowers two 
ounces, essence neroli one-half ounce, attar of roses thirty drops, 
essence jasmine one ounce, essence balm mint one-half ounce, petals 
of roses, four ounces, oil lemon, twenty drops, calorus aromaticus 
one-half ounce, essence neroli one-half ounce; mix and strain. 
Lpper Ten — Spirits of wine four quarts, essence cedrat two 
drachms, essence violet one-quarter ounce, essence neroli one-half 
ounce, attar of roses twenty drops, orange-flower essence one ounce, 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 65 

oil rosemary thirty drops, oil bergamot and neroli each one-half 
ounce. 

Freezing Preparation Common sal-ammoniac, well pul- 
verized, one part; salt petre, two parts; mix well together. Then 
take common soda well pulverived. To use, take equal quantities 
of these preparations (which must be kept separate and well covered 
previous to using), and put them in the freezing pot; add of water, 
a proper quantity, and put in the article to be frozen in a proper 
vessel, cover up and your wants will soon be supplied. For freez- 
ing creams or wines this cannot be beat. 

Non-Explosive Burning Fluid — Take five quarts alco- 
hol, one quart camphene and two ounces pulverized alum ; mix, and 
let it stand twenty-four hours. If transparent it is fit for use, if not 
add sufficient alcohol to bring it to the natural color of the 
alcohol. The cover of the lamp must fit close, and a tin stopper be 
kept over the tube when not in use to prevent evaporation. 

Stimulators for Bald Heads and Bare Faces — 

Tincture hartshorn, one ounce; borax, one-half ounce; alcohol, one 
pint; water, one pint; tincture cantharides, two drachms. Grahm's 
— Colonge, two ounces; liquid hartshorn, one drachm; tincture 
cantharides, two drachms; oil rosemary, twelve drops; oil nutmeg, 
twelve drops; oil lavender, twelve drops. 

Tinctures These are made with one quart gum, root or 

bark, etc., dried, to each pint of proof spirits, and let it stand one 
week and filter. 

Essences These are made with one ounce of any given 

oil added to one pint alcohol. Peppermint is colored with tincture 
turmeric; cinnamon with tincture red sanders; winter green with 
tincture kino. 

Furniture Polish Equal quantities of common wax, 

white wax, white soap, in the proportion of one ounce of each to 
pint water. Cut the above ingredients fine and dissolve over a 
fire till well mingled. Bottle and label. 

Liquid due The following recipe for " Prepared Glue/' 

the discovery of a French chemist, is selling about the country as a 



66 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

secret, for various prices from one to five dollars. It is a handy 
and valuable composition, as it does not gelatinize, putrefy, ferment 
or become offensive, and can be used cold for all the ordinary pur- 
poses of glue in making or mending furniture, or broken vessels 
that are not exposed to water, etc. In a wide-mouth bottle dis- 
solve eight ounces of best glue in a half-pint of water, by setting 
it in a vessel of water and heating till dissolved. Then add slowly, 
constantly stirring, half ounce of strong aquafortis (nitric acid). 
Keep well corked and it will be ready for use. 

Zlgura Oil One-half ounce pulverized salt-petre put in half 

pint sweet oil. Cures inflammatory rheumatism. Bottle and label. 
Pays well. 

Cressigas Lotion For the skin and complexion — a great 

secret. Distill two handsful jessamine flowers in a quart of rose 
water and quart orange water. Strain through porous paper and 
add a scruple of musk and a scruple of ambergris. Bottle and 
label. Splendid wash for the skin. 

Premium Tooth Powder Six ounces prepared chalk, 

one-half ounce cassia powder, one ounce orris, mix well. Put in 
small pots and label. 

Hair Restorative Four drachms oxide bismuth, four 

drachms spermaceti, four ounces pure hog's lard. The lard and 
spermaceti should be melted together. When nearly cool, stir in 
the bismuth and the perfume. Put in pots and label. Prevents 
the hair from turning gray, restores gray hair. 

Toilet Powder One pound white starch, four ounces ox- 
ide bismuth. Mix, box and label. 

Pimpernel Kalydor for the Skin and Complexion 

— Steep pimpernel in pure rain water for three days. Bottle and 
label. Renders the skin clear and white. 

Hair Invigorator Quart bay rum, pint of alcohol, one 

ounce castor oil, one ounce tincture cantharides, pint sweet oil. 
Bottle and label. 

Bandoline for Adjusting the Hair — Boil tablespoon- 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 67 

ful of linseed oil in half pint of water for five minutes. Perfume, 
put in pots and label. 

Balm Or Gllead Opodeldoc, spirits of wine, sal-ammo- 
niac, equal parts of each. Shake. Bottle and label. Cures neu- 
ralgia, pains, aches, etc. Apply as a lotion. 

To Write Secret Letters Put five cents worth of cit- 
rate of potassa in an ounce vial of clear cold water. This forms an 
invisible fluid. Let it dissolve and you can use on paper of any 
color. Use a goose quill in writing. When you wish the writing 
to become visible, hold it to a red-hot stove. 

Friction Soap One pound brown soap, two pounds fine 

white sand. Put in a vessel and heat all together. Mould in 
small cakes. Pays well. 

Waterproof Composition for Boots and Shoes — 

Beeswax, two ounces; beef suet, four ounces; resin, one ounce; 
neatsfoot oil, two ounces ; lampblack, one ounce. Melt together. 
Sells well. 

A Certain Cure for Drunkenness — Sulphate of iron, 

five grains ; magnesia, ten grains ; peppermint water, eleven drachms ; 
spirits of nutmeg, one drachm; twice a day. This preparation acts 
as a tonic and stimulant, and so partially supplies the place of the 
accustomed liquor, and prevents that absolute physical and moral 
prostration that follows a sudden breaking off from the use of 
stimulating drinks. 

Egyptian Cement for Mending China, Etc. — 

Take one pound of the best white glue, one-half pound dry white 
lead, one-quart soft water, one-half pint alcohol; put the three first 
articles in a dish and then dish in a pot of boiling water; let it boil 
till dissolved, then add the alcohol and boil again till mixed. A 
little camphor should also be added to preserve it, and disguise its 
composition. Put in small bottles, 25 cents each. 

JOCKEY TIPS 
To Make Foundered or Spavined Horse Limber — 

Take tincture cayene, one ounce; laudanum, two ounces; alcohol, 



68 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

one pint; rub the shoulders well with warm water, then rub the 
above on his shoulders and backbone; give him one ounce of laud- 
anum and one pint of gin; put down his throat with a pint bottle; 
put his feet in warm water, as warm as he can bear it; take a 
little spirits of turpentine, rub it on the bottom part of his feet with 
a sponge after taking them out of the water; drive him about half a 
mile or a mile, until he comes out as limber as a rag. If he does 
not surrender to his pain, tie a thin cord around the end of his 
tongue. 

How to Make Old Horses Appear Young — T ake 

tincture of assafoetida, one ounce; tincture cantharides, one ounce; 
oil of cloves, one ounce; oil of cinnamon, one ounce; antimony, 
two ounces; fenugreek, one ounce; fourth proof brandy, one-half 
gallon. Let it stand ten days, then give ten drops in one gallon of 
water. 

How to Make a True-Pulling Horse Balk — T ake 

tincture of cantharides, one ounce and corrosive sublimate, one 
drachm. Mix and bathe the shoulders at night. 

To Distinguish Between Distemper and Glanders 

— The discharge from the nose, if glanders, will sink in water; if 
distemper, it will not. 

How to Make a Horse Fleshy in a Short Time — 

Feed with buckwheat bran, to which add a little of the shorts; 
keep in a dark stable. Half a day's drive will make a horse fatted 
in this way poor. 

To Make Horse Stand By His Feed and Not Eat — 

Grease the front teeth and roof of the mouth with common tallow, 
and he will not eat until you wash it out. 

How to Make a Horse Appear with Glanders — 

— Melt fresh butter and pour it in his ears. 

How to Make a Horse Appear as if Foundered — 

Take a fine wire or any substitute and fasten it around the postern 
joints at night, smooth the hair down over it nicely, and by morn- 
ing he will walk stiff as if foundered. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 69 

To Renew Old Letters on Papers — Boil galls ingine 

and sponge over the surface. The letter or writing will be as fresh 
as ever. 

Increase of Milk and Butter— If cows are given four 

ounces of French boiled hemp seed it will greatly increase the 
quantity of milk. If pans are turned over this milk for fifteen 
minutes when first milked or till cool the same milk will give double 
the quantity of butter. 

Gilding Without a Battery Clean the silver or other 

article to be gilded with a brush and a little ammonia water, until 
it is evenly bright and shows no tarnish. Take a small piece of 
gold and dissolve it in about four times its volume of metallic 
mercury, which will be accomplished in a few minutes, forming an 
amalgam. Put a little of the amalgam on a piece of dry cloth, rub 
it on the article to be gilded. Then place on a stone in a furnace, 
and heat to the beginning of redness. After cooling it must be 
cleaned with a brush and a little cream of tartar, and a beautiful 
and permanent gilding will be found. 

To Prevent Cattle, Fowls, Etc. From Getting Old 

— If cattle are occasionally fed a little of the extract of the June, it 
will renew or extend the period of their lives. Use in connection 
with the vanilla bean, and the two will produce the most wonderful 
results. It will act on people the same as on the animal kingdom. 
New flaxseed frequently given to cattle in small quantities will 
make them, whether young or old, or if poor and thin as skeletons, 
soon appear fat and healthy. 

To Make Brown Teeth White — Apply carefully over 

the teeth a stick dipped in strong acetic or nitric acid, and immedi- 
ately wash out the mouth with cold water. To make the the teeth 
even, if irregular, draw a fine piece of cord betwixt them. 

Paste Resembling the Diamond — Take white sand, 

nine hundred parts; red lead, six hundred parts; pearl ash, four 
hundred and fifty parts; nitre, three hundred parts; arsenic, fifty 
parts; manganese, half a part. To make it harder, use less lead, 
and if it should have a yellow tint add a little more manganese. 



70 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Imitation Topaz Strass, five hundred parts; glass of 

antimony, twenty-one parts; purple of cassia, half a part. Fuse for 
twenty-four hours and cool slowly. 

Imitation of the Ruby Strass, eighty parts; oxide of 

manganese, two parts. Mix and fuse same as the topaz. 

Imitation Emerald Strass, five hundred parts; glass of 

antimony, twenty parts; oxide of cobalt, three parts. Fuse with 
care for twenty-four hours, then cool slowly. 

Imitation Sapphire Oxide of cobalt, one part; strass, 

eighty parts. Fuse carefully for thirty-six hours. Silver and gold 
solutions are merely these metals dissolved in acids, then diluted. 
The article to be plated is suspended in the solution, and a com- 
mon galvanic battery brought into play — the negative wire in the 
solution, and the positive attached to the article. 

A Valuable Secret Put eight silver shillings into two 

ounces of nitric acid. When the silver disappears throw into it 
a pint of water, and four ounces of common salt. The salt will 
throw down a powder, which is pure silver. Now decant off 
the water and repeat the same washings till all the effects of the 
salt shall have disappeared. Now add to this white powder two 
ounces of cyanide of potassium and three ounces of hyposulphate of 
soda. Now add to all this two quarts of pure rain water, and 
your silver mixture is complete. Now you may do, by the aid of 
this mixture, all sorts of plating — watch chains, rings, medals, 
watches, ornaments, steel, iron, and German silver goods of every 
description, as spoons, spectacles, etc. Hang any of these articles 
in the solution, suspended at the end of a strip of lead, or you can 
immerse the article and boil it ten or twenty minutes, according to 
the thickness of the silvering that you desire. If the articles to be 
plated are clean, a pure and durable silver will be the result. 

A New Alloy of Copper Resembling Gold — This 

is known as "oreide" of gold and is composed of one hundred 
parts (by weight) of pure copper, seventeen of zinc, six of common 
magnesia, 3-60 sal-ammoniac, 1 -80 quick lime and tartar. 

Fumes The fumes of lead will make all metals malleable, 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 71 

while the fumes of mercury and arsenic will make all metals 
brittle. 

To Make Gold Solution for Electro-Plating — 

Dissolve two and one-half pennyweights of gold in one quarter 
ounce nitric acid, and one and one-half ounces of muriatic acid; 
then evaporate to dryness, and add one ounce cyanide of potassium 
and one quart of hot rain water. The operator must avoid breath- 
ing fumes which ascend from the solution — they are dangerous. 

German Silver German silver is an alloy of nickel with 

copper or zinc, containing in one hundred parts, fifty of copper* 
thirty of zinc and twenty of nickel. This makes the most valuable 
composition known as German silver. 

Common Pewter Melt in a crucible seven pounds of 

tin and when fused throw in one pound of lead, six ounces of cop- 
per and two ounces of zinc. 

To Make Silver Solution Dissolve one ounce of silver 

in two ounces of hot rain water. When dissolved add about two 
ounces of common table salt and one quart hot water; stir the 
mixture and allow it to settle; pour off the liquor and wash the 
precipitate at least four times in hot water; then add one ounce 
cyanide of potassium, two ounces of hyposulphate of soda, and one 
quart of rain water. 

How to Get Sleep How to get sleep is to many persons 

a matter of high importance. Nervous persons who are troubled 
with wakefulness and excitability, usually have a strong tendency 
to blood on the brain, with cold extremities. The pressure of the 
blood on the brain keeps it in a stimulated or wakeful state and 
the pulsations in the head are often painful. Let such rise and 
chafe the body and extremities with a brush or towel, or rub 
smartly with the hands, to promote circulation, and withdraw the 
excessive amount of blood from the brain, and they will fall fast 
asleep in a few minutes. A cold bath or a sponge bath and 
rubbing, or a good run, or a rapid walk in the open air, or going 
up and down stairs a few times just before retiring, will aid in 
equalizing circulation and promoting sleep. These rules are simple, 
and easy of application in castle or cabin, and may minister to the 



11 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

comfort of thousands who would frequently expend money for an 
anodyne to promote "Nature's sweet restorer, balmy sleep." 

To Destroy Insects When bugs have attained a lodge- 
ment in walls or timber, the surest mode of overcoming the nuisance 
is to putty up every hole that is moderately large, and oil paint the 
whole wall or timber. In bed furniture a mixture of soft soap with 
snuff or arsenic is useful to fill up the holes, where bolts or fasten- 
ings are fixed, etc. French polish may be applied to the smoother 
parts of the wood. 

Love's Telegraph If a gentleman wants a wife, he wears 

a ring on the first finger of the left hand; if he be engaged, he 
wears it on the second finger; if married, on the third, and on 
the fourth if he never intends to be married. When a lady is not 
engaged, she wears a hoop or diamond on her first finger; if engaged 
on the second; if married on the third, and on the fourth if she 
intends to die unmarried. When a gentleman presents a fan, flower 
or trinket to a lady with the left hand, this, on his part is an over- 
ture of regard. Should she receive it with the left hand, it is con- 
sidered as an acceptance of his esteem; but if with the right hand, 
it is a refusal of the offer. Thus, by a few simple tokens explained 
by rule the passion of love is expressed, and through the medium 
of the telegraph the most timid and diffident man may, without 
difficulty, communicate his sentiments of regard to a lady, and in 
case his offer should be refused, avoid experiencing the mortification 
of an explicit refusal. 

To Fatten Fowls in a Short Time — Mix ground rice, 

well scalded with milk, and add some coarse sugar. Feed them 
with this in the daytime, but not too much at once. Let it be 
rather thick. 

When Velvet Gets Plushed from Pressure — Hold 

the parts over a basin of hot water with the lining of the article next 
the water. The pile will soon rise and assume its original beauty. 

How Summer Suits Should Be Washed — Nearly all 

summer suits are made of white buff linen, pique, cambric or mus- 
lin, and the art of preserving the new appearance after washing is 
a matter of the greatest importance. Common washer-women soil 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 73 

everything with soda, and nothing is more common than to see 
the delicate tints of lawns and percales turned into dark blotches 
and muddy streaks by the ignorance and vandalism of a laundress. 
It is worth while for ladies to pay attention to this, and insist upon 
having their summer dresses washed according to the directions 
which they should be prepared to give their laundresses themselves. 
In the first place the water should be tepid, the soap should not 
be allowed to touch the fabric; it should be washed and rinsed 
quickly, turned upon the wrong side and hung in the shade to dry, 
and when starched (in thin boiled but not boiling starch) should 
be folded in sheets or towels and ironed upon the wrong side as 
soon as possible. But linens should be washed in water in which 
hay or a quart bag of bran has been boiled. This last will be 
found to answer for starch as well, and is excellent for print dresses 
of all kinds, but a handful of salt is very useful also to set the 
colors of light cambrics and dotted lawns; and a little ox gall will 
not only set but brighten yellow and purple tints and has a good 
effect upon green. 

How to Fasten Rubber to Wood and Metal — 

As rubber plates and rings are now-a-days used almost exclusively 
for making connections between steam and other pipes and appar- 
atus, much annoyance is often experienced by the impossibility or 
imperfection of an air-tight connection. This is obviated entirely 
by employing a cement which fastens alike well to the rubber and 
to the metal or wood. Such cement is prepared by a solution 
of shellac in ammonia. This is best made by soaking pulverized 
gum shellac in ten times its weight of strong ammonia, when a 
slimy mass is obtained, which in three to four weeks will become 
liquid without the use of hot water. This softens the rubber and 
becomes, after volatilization of the ammonia, hard and imperme- 
able to gasses and fluids. 

Everlasting Fence Posts Many years ago it was dis- 
covered that wood could be made to last longer than iron in the 
ground. Poplar, basswood or quaking ash are generally preferred 
to any other kind of timber for fence posts. I have taken out 
basswood posts after having been set seven years, which were as 
sound when taken out as when they were first put in the ground. 
Time and weather seemed to have no effect on them. The posts 



74 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

can be prepared for less than two cents apiece. This is the recipe: 
Take boiled linseed oil and stir it into pulverized charcoal to the 
consistency of paint. Put a coat of this over the timber and 
there is not a man that will live to see it rotten. 

How to Test the Richness of Milk — Procure a long 

glass vessel — a colonge bottle or long phial. Take a narrow strip 
of paper, just the length from the neck to the bottom of the phial, 
and mark it off with one hundred lines at equal distance; or into 
fifty lines, and count each as two; paste it upon the phial, so as to 
divide its length into a hundred equal parts. Fill it to the highest 
mark with milk fresh from the cow and allow it to stand in a 
perpendicular position twenty-four hours. The number of spaces 
occupied by the cream will give you its exact percentage in the 
milk without any guess work. 

To Mend Tinware by the Heat of a Candle — 

Take a vial about two-thirds full of muriatic acid and put into it 
little bits of sheet zinc as long as it dissolves them; then put in a 
crumb of sal-ammonia, and fill up with water, and it is ready to 
use. Then, with the cork of the vial, wet the place to be mended 
with the preparation; then put a piece of sheet zinc over the hole 
and hold a lighted candle or spirit lamp under the place, which 
melts the solder on the tin, and causes the zinc to adhere without 
further trouble. Wet the zinc also with the solution; or a little 
solder may be put on instead of the zinc, or with the zinc. 

To Take Iron Moulds Out of Linen — Hold the iron- 
mould on the cover of a tankard of boiling water, and rub on the 
spot a little juice of sorrel and a little salt; and when the cloth has 
thoroughly imbibed the juice, wash it in lye. 

To Take Wax Out of Velvet Take a crumby wheat- 
en loaf, cut it in two, toast it before the fire, and, while very hot, 
apply it to the part spotted with wax. Then apply another piece of 
toasted bread hot as before, and continue this application until the 
wax is entirely taken out. This is applicable to all colors except 
crimson. 

Godfrey's Cordial Sassafras, six ounces; seeds of cori- 
ander, caraway and anise, of each one ounce; infuse in six pints 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 75 

of water, simmer the mixture till reduced to four pints; then add six 
pounds of molasses; boil a few minutes; when cold add three fluid 
ounces of tincture of opium. For children teething. 

Poultice for Burns or Frozen Flesh — Indian meal 

poultices, covered with Young Hyson tea, moistened with hot 
water and laid over burns or frozen parts, as hot as can be borne, 
will relieve the pain in five minutes, and blisters, if they have not, 
will not arise. One poultice is generally sufficient. 

Tree Or Lead Dissolve an ounce of sugar of lead in a 

quart of clean water, and put it into a glass decanter or globe. Then 
suspend in the solution, near the top, a small piece of zinc of an 
irregular shape. Let it stand undisturbed for a day, and it will 
begin to shoot out into leaves and apparently to vegetate. If 
left undisturbed for a few days it will become extremely beautiful; 
but it must be moved with great caution. It may appear to those 
unacquainted with chemistry that the piece of zinc actually puts 
out leaves, but this is a mistake, for, if the zinc be examined, it will 
be found nearly unaltered. This phenomena is owing to the zinc 
having a greater attraction for oxygen than the lead has ; conse- 
quently it takes from the oxyde of lead, which reappears in its 
metallic state. 

To Preserve Grapes Take a cask or barrel which will 

hold water, and pour into it first a layer of bran, dried in an oven, 
or of ashes, well dried and sifted ; upon this place a layeer of grapes 
well cleaned and gathered in the afternoon of a dry day, before 
they are perfectly ripe; proceed thus with alternate layers of bran 
or ashes and grapes till the barrel is full, taking care that the 
grapes do not touch each other and let the last layer be of bran or 
ashes; then close the barrel so that the air may not penetrate, which 
is an essential point. Grapes thus packed will keep for nine or even 
twelve months. To restore them to freshness, cut th end of the 
stalk of each bunch of grapes and put it into red wine, as you would 
flowers into water. White grapes should be put into white wine. 

To Prevent Snow-water from Penetrating Shoes 

— This simple and effectual remedy is nothing more than a little 
beeswax and mutton suet, warmed in a pipkin until in a liquid 



76 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

state. Then rub some of it lightly over the edges of the sole where 
the stitches are, which will repel the wet and not in the least prevent 
the blacking from having the usual effect. 

To Make Sea-Water Fit for Washing Linen — 

Soda put into sea-water makes it turbid; the lime and magnesia fall 
to the bottom. To make sea-water fit for washing linen at sea, 
as much soda must be put in it as not only to effect a complete 
precipitation of these earths, but to render the sea-water sufficiently 
laxivial or alkaline. Soda should always be taken to sea for this 
purpose. 

Cracked Nipples Glycerine and tannin, equal weights, 

rubbed together into an ointment, is very highly recommended, as 
is also mutton tallow and glycerine. 

To Take Impression of Butterfly in All Its Colors 

— Having taken a butterfly, kill it without spoiling its wings, which 
contrive to spread out as regularly as possible in a flying position. 
Then, with a small brush or pencil, take a piece of white paper; 
wash a part of it with gum-water a little thicker than ordinary, so 
that it may easily dry. Afterward, laying your butterfly on the 
paper, cut off the body close to the wings, and throwing it away, 
lay the paper on a smooth board, with the fly upward; and laying 
another paper over that, put the whole preparation into a screw 
press, and screw down very hard, letting it remain under that 
pressure for half an hour. Afterward take off the wings of the 
butterfly and you will find a perfect impression of them, with all 
their various colors marked distinctly, remaining on the paper. 
When this is done, draw between the wings of your impression the 
body of the butterfly and color it after the insect itself. 

Candied Lemon or Peppermint for Colds — In half 

a pint of water boil one and one-half pounds of sugar until it begins 
to candy around the sides; put in eight drops of essence; pour it 
upon buttered paper and cut it with a knife. 

Method of Discharging Grease from Woolens — 

Fullers earth or tobacco-pipe clay, being put wet on an oil spot, 
absorbs the oil as the water evaporates and leaves the vegetable or 
animal fibres of the cloth clean on being beaten or brushed out. 






POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 77 

When the spot is occasioned by tallow or wax, it is necessary to 
heat the part cautiously by an iron, or the fire, while the cloth is 
drying. In some kinds of goods, blotting paper, bran, or raw 
starch may be used with advantage. 

Chlorine Pastiles for Disinfecting the Breath — 

Dry chloride of lime, two drachms; sugar, eight ounces; starch, one 
ounce; gum tragacanth, one drachm; carmine, two grains. Form 
into small lozenges. 2 — sugar flavored with vanilla, one ounce; 
powdered tragacanthe, twenty grains; liquid chloride of soda suf- 
ficient to mix; add two drops of any essential oil. Form a paste 
and divide into lozenges of fifteen grains each. 

Cholera Remedy Spirits of wine, one ounce; spirits of 

lavender, quarter of an ounce; spirits of camphor, quarter ounce; 
compound tincture of benzoin, half an ounce; oil of origanum, 
quarter ounce; twenty drops on moist sugar. To be rubbed out- 
wardly; also, 2— Twenty-five minums of diluted sulphuric acid in 
an ounce of water. 

Corn Remedy Soak a piece of copper in strong vinegar 

for twelve or twenty-four hours. Pour the liquid off and bottle. 
Apply frequently until the corn is removed. 2 — Supercarbonate of 
soda, one ounce, finely pulverized and mixed with half an ounce 
of lard. Apply on a linen rag every night. 

Infant S Syrup The syrup is made thus : one pound best 

box rasins, half an ounce of anise seed, two sticks licorice; split 
the raisins, pound the anise seed, and cut the licorice fine; add to 
it three quarts of rain water and boil down to two quarts. Feed 
three or four times a day as much as the child will willingly drink. 
The raisins are to strengthen, the anise is to expel the wind and the 
licorice as a physic. 

Cough Syrup Put one quart hoarhound to one quart 

water and boil it down to a pint; add two or three sticks of licorice 
and a tablespoonful of essence of lemon. Take a tablespoonful 
of the syrup three times a day, or as often as the cough may be 
troublesome. An excellent cough syrup. 

Tonic The following is the tonic used by reformed drunk- 






78 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

ards to restore the vigor of the stomach: Take of gentian root, 
half an ounce; valerian root, one drachm; best rhubarb root, two 
drachms; bitter orange peel, three drachms; cardamon seeds, half 
an ounce, and cinnamon bark, one drachm. Having bruised the 
above all together in a mortar (the druggist will do it if requested), 
pour upon it one and a half pints of boiling water and cover up 
close; let stand till cold; strain, bottle and cork securely; keep in a 
dark place. Two tablespoonsful may be taken every hour before 
meals, and half that quantity whenever the patient feels that dis- 
tressing sickness and prostration so generally present for some time 
after alcoholic stimulants have been abandoned. 

To Increase the Laying of Eggs — The best method is 

to mix their food every other day with a teaspoonful of ground 
cayenne pepper to each dozen fowls. While upon this subject it 
would be well to say that if your hens lay soft eggs, or eggs with- 
out shells, you should put plenty of old plaster, egg shells or even 
oyster shells broken up, where they can get at it. 

Arnica Liniment Add to one pint of sweet oil, two table- 
spoonsful of tincture of arnica; or the leaves may be heated in the 
oil over a slow fire. Good for wounds, stiff joints, rheumatic, and 
all injuries. 

Camphor Tablet for Chapped Hands — Melt tallow 

and add a little powdered camphor and glycerine, with a few drops 
of oil of almonds to scent. Pour in molds and cool. 

Camphorated Oil This is another camphor liniment. 

The proportions are the same as in the arnica liniment formula, sub- 
stituting olive oil for the alcohol, and exposing the materials to a 
moderate heat. As an external stimulant application it is even more 
powerful than the spirits; and to obtain its full influence the part 
treated should also be covered with flannel and oil silk. It forms a 
valuable liniment in chronic rheumatism and other painful affections, 
and is specially valuable as a counter-irritant in sore or inflamed 
throats and diseased bowels. Camphor constitutes the basis of a 
large number of valuable liniments. Thus, in cases of whooping 
cough and some chronic bronchial affections, the following liniment 
may be advantageously rubbed into the chest and along the spine: 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 79 

Spirits of champhor, two parts; laudanum, half a part; spirits of 
turpentine, one part; castile soap in powder, finely divided, half an 
ounce; alcohol, three parts; digest the whole together for three days 
and strain through linen. This liniment should be gently warmed 
before using. A powerful liniment for old rheumatic pains, es- 
pecially when effecting the loins, is the following : Camphorated oil 
and spirits turpentine, of each two parts; water of hartshorn, one 
part; laudanum, one part; to be well shaken together. Another 
very efficient liniment of embrocation, serviceable in chronic painful 
affection, may be conveniently and easily made as follows: Take 
of camphor, one ounce ; cayenne pepper, in powder, two teaspoons- 
ful; alcohol, one pint. The whole to be digested with moderate 
heat for ten days, and filtered. It is an active rubificant; and after 
a slight friction with it, it produces a grateful, thrilling sensation of 
heat in the pained part, which is rapidly relieved. 

Great Pain Extractor Spirits of ammonia, one ounce ; 

laudanum, one ounce; oil of organum, one ounce; mutton tallow, 
half pound; combine the articles with the tallow when it is nearly 
cool. 

Certain Cure for Eruptions, Pimples, Etc. — 

Dillute corrosive sublimate with the oil of almonds ; apply to the face 
occasionally and in a few days a sure cure will be effected. 

Swaim's Vermifuge Wormseed, two ounces ; valerian, 

rhubarb, pink-root, white agaric, of each one and a half ounces; 
boil in sufficient water to yield three quarts of decoction, and add 
to it thirty drops of oil of tansy, and forty-five drops of oil of cloves, 
dissolved in a quart of rectified spirits. Dose, one teaspoonful at 
night. 

Cough Compound For the cure of coughs, colds, 

whooping cough, asthma and all diseases of the lungs: One spoon- 
ful of common tar, three spoonfuls of honey, the yolk of three hen's 
eggs and half pint of wine; beat the tar, eggs and honey well to- 
gether with a knife and bottle for use. A teaspoonful every night, 
noon and morning, before eating. 

To Take Out Spots of Ink As soon as the accident 



80 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

happens wet the place with juice of sorrel or lemon, or with vinegar, 
and the best hard white soap. 

Lily White Is nothing but purified chalk, scented. 

A Sure Cure for Bed Sweats — Place a pint of clean 

water in a glass or tin vessel under the bed of the patient at night, 
until he sleeps soundly without one drop of perspiration on his 
body. Two or three times will be sufficient. 

Indellible Ink for Marking Clothing — Nitrate of sil- 
ver, five scruples; gum-arabic, two drachms; sap green, one scruple; 
distilled water, one ounce; mix together. Before writing on the 
article to be marked, apply a little of the following: carbonate of 
soda, one-half ounce; distilled water, four ounces; let this last, 
which is the mordant, get dry; then, with a quill pen, write what 
you require. 

Ink, Indellible To four drachms of lunar caustic, in four 

ounces of water, add sixty drops of nut-galls, made strong by being 
pulverized and steeped in soft water. The mordant, which is to 
be applied to the cloth before writing, is composed of one ounce 
of pearl ash, dissolved in four ounces of water, with a little gum- 
arabic dissolved in it. Wet the spot with this; dry and iron the 
cloth; then write. 2 — Nitrate of silver, five scruples; gum-arabic, 
two drachms; sap green, one scruple; distilled water, one ounce; 
mix together. Before writing on the article to be marked, apply 
a little of the following: carbonate of soda, half an ounce; distilled 
water, four ounces; let this last, which is the mordant, get dry, 
then with a quill write what you require. 

Ink Powder for Immediate Use — Reduce to powder 

ten ounces of gall-nuts, three ounces of green copperas, two ounces 
each of powdered alum and gum-arabic. Put a little of this mix- 
ture into white wine and it will be fit for immediate use. 

Ink, Indellible Marking One and a half drachms of 

nitrate of silver, one ounce of distilled water, half an ounce of 
strong mucilage of gum-arabic, three-quarters of a drachm of liquid 
ammonia. Mix the above in a clean glass bottle, cork tightly and 
keep in a dark place till dissolved, and ever afterward. Directions 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 81 

for use: Shake the bottle, then dip a clean quill pen in the ink 
and write and draw what you require on the article; immediately 
hold it close to the fire (without scorching), or pass a hot iron over 
it, and it will become a deep and indellible black, indestructible by 
either time or acids of any description. 

Japanese Cement Immediately mix the best powdered 

rice with a little cold water, then gradually add boiling water until 
a proper consistency is acquired, being particularly careful to keep 
it well stirred all the time ; lastly, it must be boiled for a minute in a 
clean saucepan or earthen pipkin. This glue is beautifully white 
and almost transparent, for which reason it is well adapted for fancy 
paper work which requires a strong and colorless cement. 

Liquid Glue Dissolve one part of powdered alum in a 

hundred and twenty parts of water; add one hundred and twenty 
parts of glue, ten of acetic acid, and forty of alcohol, and digest. 
Prepared glue is made by dissolving common glue in warm water 
and then adding acetic acid (strong vinegar) to keep it. Dissolve 
one pound of best glue in one and a half pints of water, and add 
one pint of vinegar. It is then ready for use. 

Magic Copying Paper To make black paper, lamp- 
black mixed with cold lard; red paper, Venitian red mixed with 
lard; blue paper, Prussian blue mixed with lard; green paper, 
chrome green mixed with lard. The above ingredients to be mixed 
to the consistency of thick paste, and to be applied to the paper 
with a rag. Then take a flannel rag and rub till all color ceases 
coming off. Cut your sheets four inches wide and six inches 
long; put four sheets together, one of each color, and sell for 
twenty-five cents per package. The first cost will not exceed 
three cents. Directions for writing with this paper : Lay down 
your paper upon which you wish to write; then lay on the copying 
paper, and over this lay any scrap of paper you choose; then take 
any hard pointed substance and write as you would with a pen. 

Liquid Rouge for the Complexion — Four ounces of 

alcohol, two ounces of water, twenty grains of carmine, twenty 
grains of ammonia, six grains of oxalic acid, six grains of alum; 
mix. 



82 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Complexion Pomatum Mutton grease, one pound ; ox- 
ide of bismuth, four ounces; powdered French chalk, two ounces; 
mix. 

To Prevent Gray Hair When the hair begins to change 

color, the use of the following pomade has a beneficial effect in pre- 
venting the disease extending and has the character of even restor- 
ing the color of the hair in many instances: Lard, four ounces; 
spermaceti, four drachms; oxide of bismuth, four drachms. Melt 
the lard and spermaceti together, and when getting cold, stir in the 
bismuth ; to this can be added any kind of perfume, according to 
choice. It should be used whenever the hair requires dressing. It 
must not be imagined that any good effect speedily results; it is in 
general a long time taking place, the change being very gradual. 

Vinegar Rouge Cochineal, three drachms; carmine lake, 

three drachms; alcohol, six drachms; mix, and then put into one 
pint of vinegar, perfumed with lavender; let it stand a fortnight, 
then strain for use. 

Pearl Water for the Complexion — Castile soap, one 

pound; water, one gallon. Dissolve, then add alcohol, one quart; 
oil of rosemary and oil of lavender, each two drachms. Mix well. 

Pearl Powder for the Complexion — Take white bis- 
muth, one pound; starch powder, one ounce; orris powder, one 
ounce. Mix and sift through lawn. Add a drop of ottar of roses 
or neroli. 

Spanish Vermilion for the Toilet — Take an alkine 

solution of bastard saffron, and precipitate the color with lemon 
juice; mix the precipitate with a sufficient quantity of finely powder- 
ed French chalk and lemon junce, then add a little perfume. 

To Remove Freckles and Tan — Tincture of benzoin, 

one pint; oil rosemary, one-half ounce. Put one teaspoonful of 
the above mixture in one quarter pint of water, and with a towel 
wash the face night and morning. 

Feuchtwanger's Tooth Paste Powdered myrrh, two 

ounces; burned alum, one ounce; cream of tartar, one ounce; 
cuttle fish bone, four ounces; drop lake, two ounces; honey, half a 
gallon. Mix. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 83 

Fine Tooth Powder Powdered orris root, one ounce; 

Peruvian bark, one ounce; prepared chalk, one ounce; myrrh, one- 
half ounce. 

Superior Colonge Water Alcohol, one gallon; add oil 

of cloves, lemon, nutmeg and bergamot, each one drachm; oil 
enroli, three and a half drachms; seven drops oil of rosemary, laven- 
der and cassia; half a pint of spirits of nitre; half a pint of elder 
flower water. Let it stand a day or two, then take a cullinder and 
at the bottom lay a piece of white cloth and fill it up, one-fourth of 
white sand, and filter through it. 

Ammoniacal Pomatum for Growth of the Hair — 

Take almond oil, quarter of a pound; white wax, half an ounce; 
clarified lard, three ounces; liquid ammonia, a quarter fluid ounce; 
ottar of lavender and cloves, of each one drachm. Place the oil, 
lard and wax in a jar which set in boiling water; when the wax 
is melted allow the grease to cool till nearly ready to set, then stir 
in the ammonia and the perfume, and put into small jars for use. 
Never use a hard brush, nor comb the hair too much. Apply the 
pomade at night only. 

Alum 111 Starch — For starching muslins, ginghams and cali- 
coes, dissolve a piece of alum the size of a shell-bark, for every pint 
of starch, and add to it. By so doing the colors will keep bright for 
a long time, which is very desirable when dresses must be often 
washed, and the cost is but a trifle. 

Remedy Against Moths — An ounce of gum camphor 

and one of the powdered shell of red pepper are macerated in 
eight ounces of strong alcohol for several days, then strained. With 
this tincture the furs or cloths are sprinkled over, and rolled up in 
sheets. Instead of the paper bitter apple may be used. This 
remedy is used in Russia under the name of the Chinese Tincture 
for Moths. 

How to Increase Size of Vegetables and Fruits — 

By watering with a solution of sulphate of iron, the most wonderful 
fecundity has been attained. Pear trees and beans which have 
been submitted to this treatment, have nearly doubled in the size of 



84 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

their productions and a noticeable improvement has been remarked 
in their flavor. 

To Destroy Cockroaches — The following is said to be 

effectual: These vermin are easily destroyed, simply by cutting up 
green cucumbers at night, and placing them about where roaches 
commit depredations. What is cut from the cucumbers in pre- 
paring them for the table answers the purpose as well, and three 
applications will destroy all the roaches in the house. Remove the 
peelings in the morning and renew them at night. 

To Give a Stove a Fine Brilliant Appearance — 

A teaspoonful of pulverized alum mixed with stove polish will give 
the stove a fine lustre, which will be quite permanent. 

Turkish Rouge Take half a pint of alcohol and one 

ounce of alkanet; macerate ten days and pour off the liquid, which 
should be bottled. This is the simplest and one of the best articles 
of the kind. Caution: White lead and all cosmetic powders con- 
taining it should never be applied to the skin, as it is the most 
dangerous articles that could be used. 

Mouth Pastiles, for Perfuming the Breath — 

Extract of licorice, three ounces; oil of cloves, one and a half 
drachms; oil of cinnamon, fifteen drops. Mix, and divide into one 
grain pills, and silver them. 2 — Catechu, seven drachms; orris 
powder, forty grains; sugar, three ounces; oil of rosemary, (or of 
clove, peppermint or cinnamon), four drops. Mix, and roll flat 
on an oiled marble slab, and cut into very small lozenges. 

To Clean Furniture An old cabinet maker says the best 

preparation for cleaning picture frames and restoring furniture, es- 
pecially that somewhat marred or scratched, is a mixture three parts 
linseed oil and one part spirits of turpentine. It not only covers 
the disfigured surface, but restores wood to its natural color, and 
leaves a lustre upon the surface. Put on with a woolen cloth, and 
when dry, rub with woolen. 

Bruises On Furniture Wet the part in warm water: 

double a piece of brown paper five or six times, soak in the warm 
water, and lay it on the piece; apply on that a warm, but not hot, 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 85 

flat iron till the moisture is evaporated. If the bruise be not gone, 
repeat the process. After two or three applications, the dent will 
be raised to the surface. If the bruise be small, merely soak it 
with warm water, and hold a red hot iron near the surface keeping 
the surface continually wet — the bruise will soon disappear. 

Another Cure for Drunkenness — Let the inebriate — 

it matters not whether he is just getting off, is beginning it, or on a 
* 'spree" — begin by taking every two hours one drachm (teaspoon- 
ful) of tincture of cinchona (Peruvian bark). This will make 
him feel good. He can increase the dose to six drachms (teaspoon- 
fuls) without any danger, and take it in that proportion four to ten 
times a day. It will not destroy his appetite for food. In the 
course of a few days, the anti-periodic properties of the cinchona 
begin to tell, and he loses not only all taste for the tincture, but 
also for everything in the way of alcohol. 

To Give Lustre to Silver Dissolve a quantity of slum 

in water so as to make a pretty strong brine, and skim it care- 
fully; then add some soap to it and dip a linen rag in it, and rub 
over the silver. 



FARMERS' DEPARTMENT 

How to Get New Varieties of Potatoes — When the 

vines are done growing and are turned brown, the seed is ripe; then 
take the balls and string with a large needle and strong thread; 
hang them up in a dry place, where they will gradually dry and 
mature, without danger or injury from frost. In the month of April, 
soak the ball for several hours from the pulp ; when washed and 
dried they are fit for sowing in rows, in a bed well prepared in the 
garden; they will sprout in a fortnight, and must be attended to like 
other vegetables. When about two inches high they may be 
thinned and transplanted into rows. As they increase in size, they 
should be hilled. In the autumn many of them will be of the size 
of a walnut, and from that to a pea. In the following spring they 
should be planted in hills, placing the large ones together — they will, 
in the second season, attain their full size and will exhibit several 
varieties of form and may then be selected to suit the judgment of 



86 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

the cultivator. I would prefer gathering the balls from potatoes of 
a good kind. The first crops from seeds thus obtained will be 
productive, and will continue so for many years, gradually de- 
teriorating until they will need a renewal by the process. 

TABLES 

In the following tables a great deal of information is given, 
such as every seedman is asked for hundreds of times in a season. 
Carefully refer to them as well as to every part of this book: 

Number of Plants on an Acre at Special Distances 

6 inches apart each way 174,240 

1 foot apart each way 42,560 

18 inches apart each way 19,360 

2 feet by 1 foot * 21,780 

2 feet each way 10,890 

3 feet by 2 feet 7,260 

3 feet apart each way 4,840 

4 feet apart each way 2,725 

5 feet apart each way 1,745 

6 feet apart each way 1,210 

7 feet apart each way 887 

8 feet apart each way 680 

Quantity of Seeds Required for a Given Number of 
Plants, Number of Hills or Length of Drill 

Asparagus 1 oz. to 60 ft. drill 

Beet 1 oz. to 60 ft. drill 

Carrots 1 oz. to 150 ft. drill 

Endive 1 oz. to 150 ft. drill 

Okra 1 oz. to 40 ft. drill 

Onion : 1 oz. to 100 ft. drill 

Onion Sets, small 1 qt. to 20 ft. drill 

Parsley 1 oz. to 150 ft. drill 

Parsnips 1 oz. to 200 ft. drill 

Radish 1 oz. to 100 ft. drill 

Salsify 1 oz. to 70 ft. drill 

Spinach 1 oz. to 100 ft.' drill 

Turnips 1 oz. to 150 ft. drill 

Peas 1 qt. to 100 ft. drill 

Dwarf Beans 1 qt. to 100 ft. drill 

Pole Beans 1 qt. to 150 hills 

Corn 1 qt. to 200 hills 

Cucumbers 1 oz. to 50 hills 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 87 

Watermelon 1 oz. to 30 hills 

Muskmelon 1 oz. to 60 hills 

Pumpkin 1 oz. to 40 hills 

Early Squash 1 oz. to 50 hills 

Marrow Squash 1 oz. to 16 hills 

Cabbage 1 oz. 3,000 plants 

Cauliflower 1 oz. 3,000 plants 

Celery 1 oz. 4,000 plants 

Egg Plant 1 oz. 2,000 plants 

Lettuce 1 oz 4,000 plants 

Pepper 1 oz. 2,000 plants 

Tomato 1 oz. 2,000 plants 

Quantity of Seeds Usually Sown to the Acre 

Barley, broadcast 2 to 3 bush. 

Beans, Dwarf, in drills \y 2 bush. 

Beans, Pole, in hills 8 to 10 quarts. 

Beets, in drills 4 to 5 pounds 

Broom Corn, in hills 4 to 5 quarts 

Buckwheat, broadcast % to 1 bushel 

Carrot, in drills 2 to 3 pounds 

Corn, in hills i 8 quarts 

Corn, in soiling . . 3 bushels 

Clover, Alsike 5 pounds 

Clover, Red, alone 10 pounds 

Clover, Red, with Timothy 10 pounds 

Clover, White 6 to 8 pounds 

Clover Lucerne 15 pounds 

Cucumbers, in hills 1 to 2 pounds 

Flax, broadcast 1 to 2 bushels 

Grass, Blue, alone 3 bushels 

Grass, Hungarian y 2 bushel 

Grass, Lawn 3 bushels 

Grass, Orchard 2 to 3 bushels 

Grass, Red Top 2 bushels 

Grass, Rye 2 bushels 

Grass, R. I. Bent *. 3 bushels 

Grass, Timothy y 4 bushel 

Mustard, broadcast 12 to 16 quarts 

Millet y 2 bushel 

Oats, broadcast 2 to 3 bushels 

Onions, in drills 4 to 6 pounds 

Parsnips, in drills 4 to 5 pounds 

Peas, Early, in drills ly 2 bushels 

Peas, Marrowfat, in drills \y 4 bushels 

Potatoes, cut tubers, in drills 10 bushels 

Radishes, in drills 6 to 8 pounds 



88 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Radishes, broadcast 10 pounds 

Rye, broadcast 1 y 2 to 2 bushels 

Salsify, in drills 6 to 8 pounds 

Sorghum 10 to 12 pounds 

Spinach, in drills 8 to 10 pounds 

Turnips, in drills 1 pound 

Turnips, broadcast 2 pounds 

Vetches, broadcast 1% to 2 bushels 

Wheat, broadcast iy 2 to 2 bushels 

Clover, 8 lbs.; Timothy, 6 qts. ; Red Top, 1 bu., together for one acre 

White Cement Take white (fish) glue, one pound and 

ten ounces; dry white lead, six ounces; soft water, three pints; 
alcohol, one pint. Dissolve the glue by putting it in a tin kettle or 
dish containing the water and set this dish in a kettle of water, to 
prevent the glue from being burned; when the glue is all dissolved 
put in the lead and stir and boil until it is thoroughly mixed ; remove 
from the fire and when cool enough to bottle, add the alcohol and 
bottle while it is yet warm, keeping it corked. 

A Cold Cement for Mending Earthenware, is made 
by grating a pound of old cheese with a bread grater, into a quart 
of milk, in which it must be left for a period of fourteen hours. It 
should be stirred quite often. A pound of unslaked lime, finely 
pulverized in a mortar, is then added and the whole is thoroughly 
mixed by beating. This done, the whites of twenty-five eggs are 
incorporated with the rest, and the whole is ready for use. There 
is another cement for the same purpose which is used hot. It is 
made of resin, beeswax, brick-dust and chalk boiled together. 
The substance to be cemented must be heated, and when the sur- 
faces are coated with cement they must be rubbed hard upon each 
other, as in making a glue joint with wood. 

Composition for Restoring Scorched Linen — Boil 

to a good consistency, in half a pint of vinegar, two ounces of 
fullers earth, an ounce of hen's dung, half an ounce of cake soap 
and the juice of two onions. Spread this composition over the 
whole of the damaged part, and if the scorching is not quite through 
and the threads actually consumed, after suffering it to dry on and 
letting it receive a subsequent good washing or two, the place will 
appear full as white and perfect as any part of the linen. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 89 

Chilblain Ointment Take of gall-nuts, in very fine pow- 
der, one drachm avoirdupois; seprmecti cerate, seven drachms; mix, 
add pure glycerine, two drachms, and rub the whole to a uniform 
mass. An excellent application to obstinate broken chilblains, 
particularly when used as a dressing. When the parts are very 
painful, one ounce of compound ointment of galls may be ad- 
vantageously substituted for the galls and cerate ordered above. 

Magnetic Ointment Lard, raisins cut in pieces and fine- 
cut tobacco, equal weights; simmer well together, then strain and 
press out all from the dregs. This is an excellent ointment for salt- 
rheum and other skin diseases. It is also god for piles, bruises 
and cuts. 

Green Salve— -White pine turpentine and lard, half pound 
each; honey and beeswax, quarter of a pound each; melt all to- 
gether and stir in half an ounce of very finely pulverized verdigris. 
This ointment cannot be surpassed for deep wounds. It prevents 
proud flesh from forming and keeps up a healthy discharge. 

Court Plaster This plaster is merely a kind of varnished 

silk, and its manufacture is very easy. Bruise a sufficient quantity 
of isinglass and let it soak in a little warm water for twenty-four 
hours ; expose it to heat over the fire till the greater part of the water 
is dissipated, and supply its place by proof spirits of wine which will 
combine with the isinglass. Strain the whole through a piece of 
open linen, taking care that the consistency of the mixture shall be 
such that when cool it may form a trembling jelly. Extend a piece 
of black or flesh-colored silk on a wooden frame, and fix it in that 
position by means of tacks or twine. Then apply the isinglass 
(after it has been rendered liquid by a gentle heat) to the silk with 
a brush or fine hair (badgers' is the best). As soon as this first 
coating is dried, which will not be long, apply a second, and after- 
wards, if the article is to be very superior, a third. When the 
whole is dry, cover it with two or three coatings of balsam of 
Peru. This is genuine court plaster. It is pliable, and never 
breaks, which is far from being the case with spurious articles sold 
under that name. 

Blood Maker and Purifier — Mix half an ounce sulphate 



90 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

of magnesia with two pints water. Dose: a wineglass full three 
times a day. This can be used in the place of iron tonic, or in 
connection with it. 

Dr. Rheim's Healing Paper Make a strong tincture of 

capiscum-pods by steeping them for several days, in a warm place, 
in twice their weight of rectified spirits of wine. Dissolve gum- 
arabic in water to about the consistency of molasses. Add to this an 
equal quantity of the tincture, stirring it together with a small brush 
or a large camel's hair pencil, until they are well incorporated. 
The mixture will be cloudy and opaque. Take sheets of silk or 
tissue paper and with the brush give them a coat of the mixture; 
let them dry and then give another; let that dry, and if the sur- 
face is shining there is enough of the peppered gum; if not, give 
a third coat. This paper applied in the same way as court plaster 
to chillblains that are not broken, and burns that are not blistered, 
speedily relieves the itching and the pain. It acts like a charm and 
effects a rapid cure. The same with cuts and discolored bruises. 
It likewise allays rheumatic pains in the joints. Its great value is, 
that besides acting as ordinary sticking plaster, it abates suffering 
and hastens the process of healing. 

Cooley S Corn Plaster In a piece of card, cut a round 

hole the size of the central portion of the corn; lay the card on 
a piece of adhesive plaster, and warm the spot of the plaster ex- 
posed by the hole in the card by holding a hot iron near it for a 
second or two; then remove the card and sprinkle some finely 
powdered nitrate of silver on the warm spot of the plaster. When 
cold, shake off the loose powder and apply to the corn. Two or 
three applications seldom fail to cure. 

Be Economical Look carefully to your expenditures. No 

matter what comes in, if more goes out you will always be poor. 
The art is not in making money, but in keeping it; little expenses 
like mice in the barn, where there are many, make great waste. 
In all other things keep within compass. Never stretch your legs 
farther than the blanket will reach, or you will soon take cold. 
Hair by hair heads get bald; straw by straw the thatch goes off 
the cottage, and drop by drop the rain comes in the chamber. 
A barrel is soon empty if the tap leaks but a drop a minute. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 91 

When you mean to save, begin with your mouth; many thieves 
pass down the red lane. The ale jug is a great waste. In 
clothes choose suitable, lasting stuff, not tawdry fineries. To be 
warm is the main thing; never mind looks. A fool may make 
money, but it needs a wise man to spend it. Remember, it is 
easier to build two chimneys than to keep one going. If you give 
all to back and board there is nothing left for the savings bank. 
Fare hard and work hard when you are young and you will have 
a chance to rest when you are old. 

Carbolic Plaster- — Carbolic glycerine, thirty-four parts by 
weight; prepared chalk, ninety-four parts. Mix well by knead- 
ing and enclose in closely stoppered jars. 

Irritating Plaster Boil together one pound tar, half an 

ounce burgundy pitch, one ounce white pine turpentine and two 
ounces resin. Finely powder one ounce each mandrake root, blood 
root, poke root and Indian turnip. Stir these into the melted tar, 
etc., before it cools. This plaster, spread on muslin and renewed 
daily, will raise a sore, which is to be wiped with a dry cloth to 
remove matter, etc. The sore must not be wetted. This is a 
powerful counter-irritant, for removing internal pains and in other 
cases where an irritating plaster is necessary. 

Salve for All Wounds Take one pound of hog's lard, 

three ounces white lead, three ounces red lead, three ounces bees- 
wax, two ounces black resin and four ounces common turpentine; 
all these ingredients must be put together in a pan and boil three- 
quarters of an hour; the turpentine to be put in just before it is 
done enough and give it a gentle boil afterward. This is an ex- 
cellent cure for burns, sores or ulcers, as it first draws, then heals 
afterward; it is excellent for all wounds. 

Family Salve Take the root of yellow dock and dande- 
lion, equal parts; add good proportion of calendine and plaintain. 
Extract the juices by steeping or pressing. Strain carefully and 
simmer the liquid with sweet cream or fresh butter and mutton 
tallow, or sweet oil and mutton tallow. Simmer together until 
no appearance of the liquid remains. Before it is quite cold, put 
it into boxes. This is one of the most soothing and healing prep- 
arations for burns, scalds, cuts and sores of every description. 



92 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

Parlor Magic The tobacco pipe cannon : Take of salt- 
petre, one ounce; cream of tartar, one ounce; sulphur, half an 
ounce; beat them to powder separately, then mix together. Put a 
grain into a pipe of tobacco and when it is lighted it will give the 
report of a musket without breaking the pipe. By putting as much 
as may lie on your nail in a piece of paper and setting fire to it, a 
tremendous report will be the result. 

The Erratic Egg: Have two wineglasses. Transfer the egg 
from one wineglass to the other and back again to its original 
position, without touching the egg or glass or allowing any person 
or anything to touch them. To perform this trick all you have to 
do is to blow smartly on one side of the egg and it will hop into the 
next glass; repeat this and it will hop back again. 

To Melt Lead in a Paper: Wrap up a very smooth ball of 
lead in a piece of paper, taking care that there be no wrinkles in 
it, and that it be everywhere in contact with the ball; if it is held 
in this state over the flame of a taper the lead will be melted with- 
out the paper being burnt. The lead, however, when once fused, 
will not fail in a short time to pierce the paper, and of course run 
through. 

Legal Brevities A note dated on Sunday is void. A 

note obtained by fraud, or from one intoxicated, is void. If a note 
be lost or stolen it does not release the maker — he must pay it. An 
endorser of a note is exempt from liability if not served with 
notice of its dishonor within twenty-four hours of its non-payment. 
A note by a minor is void. Notes bear interest only when so stated. 
Principals are responsible for their agents. Each individual in 
partnership is responsible for the whole amount of the debts of the 
firm. Ignorance of the law excuses no one. It is a fraud to con- 
ceal a fraud. It is illegal to compound a felony. The law com- 
pells no one to do impossibilities. An agreement without a con- 
sideration is void. Signatures in lead pencil are good in law. A 
receipt for money is not legally conclusive. The acts of one part- 
ner bind all the others. Contracts made on Sunday cannot be en- 
forced. A contract with a minor is void. A contract made with 
a lunatic is void. Written contracts concerning land must be under 
seal. 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 93 

Act Well Your Part; Don't Be Selfish — Remember 

that it is by imparting happiness to others and making ourselves 
useful that we receive happiness. Stand by this truth, live it out, 
and always keep doing something useful for the common good, 
doing it well and acting sincerely. Endeavor to keep your heart 
in the attitude of cherishing good will to all, thinking and speaking 
evil of no one, and always with a kind word for everybody. Selfish- 
ness is its own curse; it is a starving voice. The man who does no 
good, gets none. He is like the heathen in the desert, neither 
yielding fruit nor seeing when good cometh, a stunted, dwarfish, 
miserable shrub. Let all your influence be exerted for the purpose 
of doing all you can for the common good and individual welfare 
of every one. 

Children and Home Conversation — Children hunger 

perpetually for new ideas. They will learn with pleasure from 
the lips of parents what they deem drudgery to learn from books, 
and even if they have the misfortune to be deprived of many edu- 
cational advantages, they will grow up intelligent if they enjoy in 
childhood the privilege of listening to the conversations of intelligent 
people. Let them have many opportunities of learning in this way. 
Be kind to them and don't think it beneath you to answer their little 
questions, for they proceed from an implanted faculty which every 
true man and woman should take a great delight in gratifying. 

Home After Business Hours — Happy is the man who 

can find that solace and poetry at home. Warm greetings from 
loving hearts, fond glances from bright eyes and merry shouts of 
merry hearted children, the many thousand little arrangements for 
comfort and enjoyment, that silently tell of thoughtful and expectant 
love; these are the ministrations that reconcile us to the prose of life. 
Think of this, ye wives and daughters of business men. Think 
of the toils, the anxieties, the mortifications and wear that fathers 
undergo to secure for you comfortable homes, and compensate them 
for their toils by making them happy by their own firesides. 

On Profane Swearing Let every man do his best to dis- 
countenance this abominable habit, and shun it as the most accursed 
sin in every way. No respectable person will allow himself to be 
guilty of it. Business men who make a practice of it will find 



94 POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 

themselves avoided by the best class of customers, for I know that 
some persons can suffer no mental punishment equal to that in- 
flicted by being compelled to listen to profane language. Besides, 
every man known as a prominent swearer will not be credited by 
those whose godd opinion is worth having even when he may be 
speaking the truth. 

To Construct a Metronome Take cheap clock move- 
ment and substitute for the pendelum a wire with a sliding weight, 
marking the wire with a file at the different points of graduation. 
Used to indicate the proper time in music. 

Pears Cooked in Cider Boil fresh sweet cider in an un- 
covered kettle until reduced one-half. To two and one-half quarts 
boiled cider allow four quarts peeled and quartered pears, and two 
pounds and a half of sugar. Cook slowly until the fruit is tender 
and then put into sterilized cans. 

Poached Eggs and Spinach Press left-over cooked 

spinach through a sieve, seasoned with melted butter, salt and 
pepper, then reheat with a little milk and spread on a hot platter, 
having the puree about an inch thick. Poach the eggs in tomato 
sauce and lay them on the hot spinach. 

Forcemeat Balls Mince one-fourth of a pound of veal, 

raw, add two tablespoonsful of sausage meat, two tablespoonsful 
of butter, one teaspoonful of mixed herbs, one cupful of cooked 
spinach, chopped fine, and salt and pepper to suit. Form level 
spoonsful of the mixture into balls, lay on a dish, dust thickly 
with grated cheese and bake until brown. 

Closet Doors That Will Swing To — In building your 

new house have the closet doors hung so that they will swing to. 
No special hinge is required — just a twist of the wrist — and it 
eliminates the frequent annoyance of having closet doors left open, 
exposing the contents. 

Shampoo for Oily Hair Ordinary white soap, one bar; 

rose water, two teaspoonsful ; distilled water, one quart; three eggs. 
When ready to make this shampoo, shave the soap into the water 
and boil the mixture until it jellies, then slowly add the well-beaten 



POPE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA 95 

eggs, and the rose water, or toilet water either, stirring the mix- 
ture steadily meanwhile. This recipe can be halved if the hair is 
not very abundant, as then only a small quantity of the jelly will be 
needed. Another very dainty shampoo which does good work 
when applied to dry hair, is composed of the following: Shredded 
white soap, one-half ounce; rose water, one ounce; bay rum, one- 
half ounce; rainwater, eight ounces. After the soap has been dis- 
solved in the hot rain water, remove kettle from the stove and let 
mixture cool, when the rosewater and bay rum should be beaten 
in. 

Wash for Eyes The best wash for both eyes and mouth is 

a solution of boric acid. Get five cents worth of boric acid crystals. 
Put a teaspoonful in a cup and pour on boiling water; let stand till 
cool. If the crystals are not dissolved entirely, more water may be 
added when needed. 

Giving Baby Water to Drink — A baby needs water 

several times a day from the day it is born. Within an hour after 
it is born it should be given a teaspoonful of warm water. Babies 
get thirsty the same as grown people do and milk does not satisfy 
the thirst. Frequently babies cry from thirst and the mothers 
think they are hungry and overfeed them. If the baby cries other 
than at the regular feeding times, try putting a little cool (not cold) 
water in a bottle, and give that to the baby. Be sure there is 
enough water in the bottle so that the baby does not suck wind. 
Water will not harm a baby, so do not be afraid of giving it too 
much, only do not give ice water nor water containing sugar. The 
baby may be fed from a teaspoon instead of the bottle. 



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